{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T14:26:42Z","timestamp":1791124002803,"version":"4.1.0"},"publisher-location":"400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States","reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAE International","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.4271\/2006-22-0011","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T13:34:53Z","timestamp":1542807293000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Study of Potential Mechanisms of Traumatic Rupture of the Aorta Using InSitu Experiments"],"prefix":"10.4271","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Warren N.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chirag S.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Kopacz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"King H.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris A.","family":"Van Ee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kennerly","family":"Digges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2796","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cammack K., Rapport R.L., Paul J., and Baird W.C. (1959) Deceleration injuries of the thoracic aorta. AMA Archives of Surgery 79 (2): 244-251.","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1959.04320080080010"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cavanaugh J.M. (1993) The biomechanics of thoracic trauma. In Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention , ed. Nahum A.M.  and Melvin J.W. , pp. 362-90. Springer-Verlag, New York.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2264-2_15"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cavanaugh J.M., Walilko T.J., Malhotra A., Zhu  Y. and King A.I. (1990) Biomechanical response and injury tolerance of the thorax in twelve sled side impacts. SAE Technical Paper 902307. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/902307"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cavanaugh J.M., Koh S.W., Kaledhonkar S.L., and Hardy W.N. (2005) An analysis of traumatic rupture of the aorta in side impact sled tests. SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0304. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/2005-01-0304"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coermann R., Dotzauer G., Lange W., and Voigt G.E. (1972) The effects of the design of the steering assembly and the instrument panel on injuries (especially aortic rupture) sustained by car drivers in head-on collision. The Journal of Trauma 12 (8): 715-724.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197208000-00010"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collins R., and Hu W. C. L. (1972) Dynamic deformation experiments on aortic tissue. Journal of Biomechanics 5 (4): 333-337.","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(72)90062-0"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Dischinger P.C., Cowley R.A., Shanker B.S., and Smialek J.E. (1988) The incidence of ruptured aorta among vehicular fatalities, Proc. 32nd AAAM Annual Meeting, pp. 15-23. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, Barrington, IL."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hardy W.N., Shah C.S., Mason M.J., Yang K.H., Van Ee C.A., Morgan R., Digges K. (2006) Investigation of Potential Mechanisms of Traumatic Rupture of the Aorta. Proc. 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Abstract 5245 , p. S156.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(06)83534-7"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Hass G.M. (1944) Types of internal injuries of personnel involved in aircraft accidents. Journal of Aviation Medicine 15: 77-84."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kallieris D., Mattern R., Schimdt G., and Eppinger R. (1981) Quantification of side impact responses and injuries. Proc. 25th Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 329-366. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA","DOI":"10.4271\/811009"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katyal D., McLellan B.A., Brenneman F.D., Boulanger B.R., Sharkey P.W., and Waddell J.P. (1997) Lateral impact motor vehicle collisions: Significant cause of blunt traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta. The Journal of Trauma, 42 (5): 769-772.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199705000-00002"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirshner R., Seltzer S., D'Orsi C., and DeWeese J.A. (1983) Upper rib fractures and mediastinal widening: Indications for aortography. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 35 (4): 450-454.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)61600-1"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klotz O. and Simpson W. (1932) Spontaneous Rupture of the Aorta, American Journal of the Medical Sciences 184: 455-473.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-193210000-00003"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kroell C., Schneider D. and Nahum A. (1974) Impact tolerance and response of the human thorax II. Proc. 18th Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 383-457. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/741187"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lanir Y., Lichtenstein O., and Imanuel O. (1996) Optimal design of biaxial tests for structural material characterization of flat tissues. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 118 (1): 41-47.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2795944"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Letterer E.  (1924) Beitrage zur entstehung der aortenruptur an typischer stelle. Virchows Archiv fur Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und fur Klinische Medizin 253:534-544.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01994390"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Lundevall J.  (1964) The mechanism of traumatic rupture of the aorta. Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica. Scandinavica 62: 34-46."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcus J.H., Morgan R.M., Eppinger R.H., Kallieris D., Mattern R., Schmidt G. (1983) Human Response to and injury from lateral impact. Proc. 27th Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 419-432. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/831634"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melvin J.W., Baron K.J., Little W.C., and Gideon T.W. (1998) Biomechanical analysis of Indy race car crashes. Proc. 42nd Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 247-266. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/983161"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Mohan D. and Melvin J. (1982) Failure properties of passive human aortic tissue. I-uniaxial tension tests. Journal of Biomechanics 15 (11): 887-902."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Mohan D. and Melvin J. (1983) Failure properties of passive human aortic tissue. II-Biaxial Tension Tests. Journal of Biomechanics 16 (1): 31-44."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parmley L.F., Mattingly T., Manion T., and Janhke E.J. Jr. (1958) Nonpenetrating traumatic injury of the aorta. Circulation 17 (6): 1086-1101.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.17.6.1086"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rindfleisch E., (1893) Zur entstehung and heilung des aneurysma dissecans aortae. Virchows Archiv fur Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und fur Klinische Medizin 131: 374-378.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01965504"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts V.L., Jackson F.R., and Berkas E.M. (1966) Heart motion due to blunt trauma to the thorax. Proc. 10th Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp 242-248. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/660800"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah C.S., Yang K.H., Hardy W.N., Wang K.H., King A.I. (2001) Development of a computer model to predict aortic rupture due to impact loading. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 45: 161-182.","DOI":"10.4271\/2001-22-0007"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah C.S., Lee J.B., Hardy W.N., and King KH (2004) A partially validated finite element whole-body human model for organ level injury prediction. Proc. 2004 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE2004-61844. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New Yrok, NY.","DOI":"10.1115\/IMECE2004-61844"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah C.S., Maddali M., Mungikar S.A., Beillas P., Hardy W.N., Yang K.H., Bedewi P.G., Digges K., and Augenstein J. (2005a) Analysis of a real-world crash using finite element modeling to examine traumatic rupture of the aorta. SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1293. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/2005-01-1293"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah C.S., Mason M.J., Yang K.Y., Hardy W.N., Van Ee C.A., Morgan R., Digges K. (2005b) High-speed biaxial tissue properties of the human cadaver aorta. Proc. 2005 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE2005-82085. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New Yrok, NY.","DOI":"10.1115\/IMECE2005-82085"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stapp J.P. (1957) Human tolerance to deceleration. American Journal of Surgery 93 (4): 734-740.","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(57)90540-8"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siegel J.H., Yang K.H., Smith J.A., Siddiqi S.Q., Shah C.S., Maddali M., and Hardy W.N. (2006) Computer simulation and validation of the Archimedes Lever Hypothesis as a mechanism for aortic isthmus disruption in a case of lateral impact motor vehicle crash. The Journal of Trauma 60 (5): 1072-1082.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000203542.38532.02"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Society of Automotive Engineers (2003) J211\/1 Instrumentation for impact test - part 1 - electronic instrumentation. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strassmann G. (1947) Traumatic Rupture of the Aorta. American Heart Journal 33: 508-515.","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(47)90098-7"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sturm J.T., Luxenberg M.G., Moudry B.M., and Perry J.F. (1989) Does sternal fracture increase the risk for aortic rupture? The Annal of Thoracic Surgery 48 (5): 697-698.","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(89)90795-9"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Taylor F.R. (1962) Thrombocytopenia following abrupt deceleration . ARL-TDR 62-30. ARL, AMD, AFSC, Holloman AFB, New Mexico."},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"Viano D.C. (1978) Evaluation of biomechanical response and potential injury from thoracic impact. Aviation. Space, and Environmental Medicine 49 (1): 125-135."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Viano D. (1983) Biomechanics of non-penetrating aortic trauma: A review. Proc. 27th Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 109-114. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA","DOI":"10.4271\/831608"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Viano D.C. (1989) Biomechanical responses and injuries in blunt lateral impact. Proc. 33rd Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 113-142. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/892432"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voigt G.E., and Wilfert K. (1969) Mechanisms of injuries to unrestrained drivers in head-on collisions, Proc. 13th Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 295-313. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.","DOI":"10.4271\/690811"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Zehnder M.A. (1960) The mechanism and mechanics of the accident in aortic rupture in the closed thoracic trauma. Thoraxchirurgie 8:47-65."}],"event":{"name":"50th Stapp Car Crash Conference","acronym":"STAPP"},"container-title":["SAE Technical Paper Series"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.sae.org\/gsdownload\/?prodCd=2006-22-0011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T09:28:01Z","timestamp":1582622881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.sae.org\/content\/2006-22-0011\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,6]]},"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4271\/2006-22-0011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-7191"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-7191","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,6]]},"article-number":"2006-22-0011"}}