{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T08:46:09Z","timestamp":1764492369914,"version":"build-2065373602"},"publisher-location":"400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States","reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAE International","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<div class=\"htmlview paragraph\">The present paper describes the procedure employed and the results obtained in a study on the aerodynamic characteristics of an experimental car. The aim of the study was to optimize the aerodynamic performance of a prototype developed for the 15th Shell Eco-Marathon Contest 1999. The aerodynamic optimization was conducted via a numerical study. The code employed solves the Navier-Stokes equations in a boundary-fitted coordinate system, using the SIMPLEC procedure. Turbulence effects upon the mean flow field were modeled using a low-Reynolds number k-\u03b5 turbulence model. The analysis of both the pressure distribution and the values for the aerodynamic coefficients allowed the tuning of the car shape in terms of aerodynamic performance.<\/div><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4271\/2000-01-0492","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,6]],"date-time":"2010-10-06T16:17:41Z","timestamp":1286381861000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Numerical Aerodynamic Optimization of a Low Fuel Consumption Car Body Shape"],"prefix":"10.4271","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"A. M. G.","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Univ. Coimbra"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Carvalheira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Univ. Coimbra"}]}],"member":"2796","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,6]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braaten, M.E. Shyy, W. 1987 \u201cStudy of Pressure Correction Methods With Multigrid for Viscous Flow Calculation in Non-Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates\u201d Numerical Heat Transfer 11 417 442","key":"ref0","DOI":"10.1080\/10407788708913563"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harlow, F.H. Welch, J.E. 1965 \u201cNumerical Calculation of Time Dependent Viscous Incompressible Flow With a Free Surface\u201d Physics of Fluids 8 2182 2189","key":"ref1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1761178"},{"unstructured":"Lopes, A.M.G. \u201cCANYON - A Computational Fluid Dynamics Code - Reference Guide\u201d 1996","key":"ref2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lopes, A.M.G. \u201cFlowVis - A CAD Based Solution for the Graphical Post-Processing of Scalars and Vectors\u201d Environmental Modelling & Software 12 2-3 161 168 1997","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(97)00006-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meroney, R.N. 1990 \u201cFluid Dynamics of Flow Over Hills\/Mountains-Insights Obtained Through Physical Modeling\u201d Atmospheric Processes Over Complex Terrain Blumen W. Meteorological Monographs American Meteorological Society 23 45 145 171","key":"ref4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-935704-25-6_7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nagano, Y Hishida, M. 1987 \u201cImproved Form of the k -\u03b5 Model for Wall Turbulent Shear Flows\u201d Journal of Fluids Engineering 109 156 160","key":"ref5","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3242636"},{"unstructured":"Patankar, S.V. 1980 Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Hemisphere Publishing Corporation Washington, D.C.","key":"ref6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shyy, W. Tong, S.S. Correa, S.M. 1985 \u201cNumerical Recirculating Flow Calculation Using a Body-Fitted Coordinate System\u201d Numerical Heat Transfer 8 99 113","key":"ref7","DOI":"10.1080\/01495728508961844"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steger, J.L. Sorenson, R.L. 1979 \u201cAutomatic Mesh-Point Clustering Near a Boundary in Grid Generation with Elliptic Partial Differential Equations\u201d Journal of Computational Physics 33 405 410","key":"ref8","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9991(79)90165-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas, P.D. Middlecoff, J.F. 1979 \u201cDirect Control of the Grid Point Distribution in Meshes Generated by Elliptic Equations\u201d AIAA Journal 18 6 652 656","key":"ref9","DOI":"10.2514\/3.50801"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Doormaal, J.P. Raithby, G.D. 1984 \u201cEnhancements of the Simple Method for Predicting Incompressible Fluid Flows\u201d Numerical Heat Transfer 7 147 163","key":"ref10","DOI":"10.1080\/01495728408961817"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, C. Sousa, A.C.M. 1990 \u201cNumerical Simulation of Turbulent Shear Flow in an Isothermal Heat Exchanger Model\u201d Journal of Fluids Engineering 112 48 55","key":"ref11","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2909367"}],"event":{"number":"33714","acronym":"ANNUAL","name":"SAE 2000 World Congress","start":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,6]]},"location":"Detroit, Michigan, United States"},"container-title":["SAE Technical Paper Series"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/saemobilus.sae.org\/downloads\/papers\/2000-01-0492\/Full%20Text%20PDF","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T06:01:35Z","timestamp":1759644095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/saemobilus.sae.org\/papers\/numerical-aerodynamic-optimization-a-low-fuel-consumption-car-body-shape-2000-01-0492"}},"subtitle":[],"proceedings-subject":"SAE Technical Paper Series","short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,6]]},"references-count":12,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4271\/2000-01-0492","relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-7191","2688-3627"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0148-7191"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2688-3627"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,6]]},"article-number":"2000-01-0492"}}