{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:30Z","timestamp":1759881630203,"version":"build-2065373602"},"publisher-location":"400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States","reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAE International","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;div class=\"htmlview paragraph\"&gt;Spark ignition engines have low efficiency when working at part and light loads. This can be opposed by using a slightly different thermodynamic cycle known as Miller cycle. This cycle can be implemented in conventional engines if they are equipped with systems providing variable valve timing and variable compression ratio.&lt;\/div&gt;\n&lt;div class=\"htmlview paragraph\"&gt;A computer model to simulate internal combustion engines is used to generate and characterize in terms of torque and brake specific fuel consumption, both Otto cycle engines and Miller cycles engines with VCR. These engines are used in a second computer model to generate the European driving cycle, using the same car and the same gear box, in order to evaluate its performance in terms of fuel consumption.&lt;\/div&gt;\n&lt;div class=\"htmlview paragraph\"&gt;Different ratios for gear boxes using the Miller cycle are proposed in order to achieve a more efficient car (engine, gear box, structure), with less fuel consumption and less green house gas emissions for the urban driving operation.&lt;\/div&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4271\/2006-01-0440","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,5]],"date-time":"2010-08-05T16:39:10Z","timestamp":1281026350000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Otto and VCR Miller Engine Performance during the European Driving Cycle"],"prefix":"10.4271","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica - Universidade do Minho"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica - Universidade do Minho"}]},{"given":"Nikit","family":"Kothari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering-Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur"}]}],"member":"2796","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martins,   J. Uzuneanu,   K Ribeiro,   B. Jasansky,   O Thermodynamic Analysis of an over-Expanded Engine SAE  2004-01-0617 2004","DOI":"10.4271\/2004-01-0617"},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Martins,   J. Ribeiro,   B. Fuel Consumption Reduction by Adopting a Different Spark Ignition Engine Cycle Advances in Technology and Instrumentation to Guarantee the Reduction of GHG in Different Sectors October 2004 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Heywood,   B. J. Internal Combustion Engines Fundamentals McGraw-Hill 1988"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blair,   G. P. Design and Simulation of Four-Stroke Engines SAE 1999","DOI":"10.4271\/R-186"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Ferguson,   C.R. Internal Combustion Engines Applied Thermodynamics J. Wiley & Sons 1986"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"\u00c7engel,   Y. A. Boles,   M. A. Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach Third McGraw-Hill 1998"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abd Alla,   G. H. Computer simulation of a four stroke spark ignition engine En. Convers. Mng. 43 2002 1043 1061","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-8904(01)00092-9"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patton,   K. J. et al. Development and Evaluation of a Friction Model for Spark-Ignition Engines SAE  890836 1989","DOI":"10.4271\/890836"}],"event":{"name":"SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition","start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]]},"number":"137556","location":"Detroit, Michigan, United States","acronym":"ANNUAL"},"container-title":["SAE Technical Paper Series"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/saemobilus.sae.org\/downloads\/papers\/2006-01-0440\/Full%20Text%20PDF","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T23:07:42Z","timestamp":1759792062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/saemobilus.sae.org\/papers\/otto-vcr-miller-engine-performance-european-driving-cycle-2006-01-0440"}},"subtitle":[],"proceedings-subject":"SAE Technical Paper Series","short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]]},"references-count":8,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4271\/2006-01-0440","relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-7191","2688-3627"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0148-7191"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2688-3627"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]]},"article-number":"2006-01-0440"}}