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Baumann MH, Strange C, Heffner JE, Light R, Kirby TJ, Klein J, et al. Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: an American College of Chest Physicians Delphi consensus statement. Chest. 2001;119:590-602. doi: 10.1378\/chest.119.2.590.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.2.590"},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"2. Zarogoulidis P, Kioumis I, Pitsiou G, Porpodis K, Lampaki S, Papaiwannou A, et al. Pneumothorax: from definition to diagnosis and treatment. J Thorac Dis. 2014;6(Suppl 4):S372-6. doi: 10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.09.24."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"3. Tschopp JM, Bintcliffe O, Astoul P, Canalis E, Driesen P, Janssen J, et al. ERS task force statement: diagnosis and treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Eur Respir J. 2015;46:321-35. doi: 10.1183\/09031936.00219214.","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00219214"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"4. Noppen M. Spontaneous pneumothorax: epidemiology, pathophysiology and cause. 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Collins CD, Lopez A, Mathie A, Wood V, Jackson JE, Roddie ME. Quantification of pneumothorax size on chest radiographs using interpleural distances: regression analysis based on volume measurements from helical CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995;165:1127-30. doi: 10.2214\/ajr.165.5.7572489.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.165.5.7572489"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"15. Akkas Y, Peri NG, Kocer B, Kaplan T, Alhan A. A novel structural risk index for primary spontaneous pneumothorax: Ankara Numune Risk Index. Asian J Surg. 2017;40:249-53. doi: 10.1016\/j.asjsur.2015.09.004.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2015.09.004"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"16. Tsuboshima K, Matoba Y, Wakahara T. Contralateral bulla neogenesis associated with postoperative recurrences of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in young patients. 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