{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T14:33:19Z","timestamp":1774276399895,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Academy Publisher","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNW"],"DOI":"10.4304\/jnw.8.2.317-330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,4]],"date-time":"2013-03-04T13:18:03Z","timestamp":1362403083000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["LOARP: A Low Overhead Routing Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.4304","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Rony Hasinur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Frater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2838","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2005.01.004"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"154","article-title":"Data collection, storage, and retrieval with an underwater sensor network","volume-title":"Conf on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","author":"Vasilescu","year":"2005","unstructured":"[2] I. Vasilescu, K. Kotay, D. Rus et al., \"Data collection, storage, and retrieval with an underwater sensor network,\" in Procs. of The 3rd Int. Conf. on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, San Diego, California, USA, pp. 154-165, 2005."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1145\/1161039.1161051","article-title":"An optimization framework for joint sensor deployment, link scheduling and routing in underwater sensor networks","volume-title":"Workshop on Underwater Networks","author":"Badia","year":"2006","unstructured":"[3] L. Badia, M. Mastrogiovanni, C. Petrioli et al., \"An optimization framework for joint sensor deployment, link scheduling and routing in underwater sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The 1st ACM Int. Workshop on Underwater Networks, Los Angeles, CA, USA, pp. 56-63, 2006."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2009.4752684"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"86","article-title":"A routing protocol for packet radio networks","volume-title":"Conf on Mobile Computing and Networking","author":"Murthy","year":"1995","unstructured":"[7] S. Murthy and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, \"A routing protocol for packet radio networks,\" in Procs. of The 1st Annual ACM Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking, Berkeley, CA, pp. 86-95, 1995."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/INMIC.2001.995315","volume-title":"Optimized link state routing protocol for ad hoc networks","author":"Jacquet","year":"2001","unstructured":"[9] P. Jacquet, P. Muhlethaler, T. Clausen et al., \"Optimized link state routing protocol for ad hoc networks,\" IEEE INMIC, Pakistan, 2001."},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"76","article-title":"A distance routing effect algorithm for mobility (DREAM","volume-title":"Conf on Mobile Computing and Networking","author":"Basagni","year":"1998","unstructured":"[10] S. Basagni, I. Chlamtac, V. R. Syrotiuk et al., \"A distance routing effect algorithm for mobility (DREAM),\" in Procs. of The 4th Annual ACM\/IEEE Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking, Texas, USA, pp. 76-84, 1998."},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"480","article-title":"A novel distributed routing protocol to support adhoc mobile computing","volume-title":"Phoenix Conf","author":"Toh","year":"1996","unstructured":"[18] C. Toh, \"A novel distributed routing protocol to support adhoc mobile computing,\" in IEEE 15th Annual Int. Phoenix Conf., pp. 480-486, 1996."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.779923"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016726711167"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"DSTA routing protocol for ad hoc networks using distributed spanning trees","volume-title":"IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conf","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"1999","unstructured":"[23] S. Radhakrishnan, N. S. V. Rao, G. Racherla et al., \"DSTA routing protocol for ad hoc networks using distributed spanning trees,\" in IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conf., New Orleans, 1999."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10943420020160030901"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/601858.601861"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/SNPA.2003.1203365","article-title":"The ACQUIRE mechanism for efficient querying in sensor networks","volume-title":"Workshop on Sensor Network Protocol and Applications","author":"Sadagopan","year":"2003","unstructured":"[32] N. Sadagopan et al., \"The ACQUIRE mechanism for efficient querying in sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The 1st Int. Workshop on Sensor Network Protocol and Applications, Anchorage, USA, May, 2003."},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless sensor networks","volume-title":"Conf System Sciences","author":"Heinzelman","year":"2000","unstructured":"[33] W. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan, \"Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The Hawaii Int. Conf. System Sciences, Hawaii, January, 2000."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/IPDPS.2001.925197","article-title":"TEEN: a protocol for enhanced efficiency in wireless sensor networks","volume-title":"Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing","author":"Manjeshwar","year":"2001","unstructured":"[34] A. Manjeshwar and D. P. Agrawal, \"TEEN: a protocol for enhanced efficiency in wireless sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The 1st Int. Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, San Francisco, USA, April, 2001."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/IPDPS.2002.1016600","article-title":"APTEEN: a hybrid protocol for efficient routing and comprehensive information retrieval in wireless sensor networks","volume-title":"Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing","author":"Manjeshwar","year":"2002","unstructured":"[35] A. Manjeshwar and D.P. Agrawal, \"APTEEN: a hybrid protocol for efficient routing and comprehensive information retrieval in wireless sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The 2nd Int. Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, Ft. Lauderdale, USA, April, 2002."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.779917"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2001.936317","article-title":"Minimum energy mobile wireless networks revisited","volume-title":"Conf on Communications (ICC 01)","author":"Li","year":"2001","unstructured":"[40] L. Li and J. Y Halpern, \"Minimum energy mobile wireless networks revisited,\" in Procs. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Communications (ICC '01), Helsinki, Finland, June, 2001."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1145\/1410107.1410121","article-title":"Focused beam routing protocol for underwater acoustic networks","volume-title":"Workshop on Underwater Networks","author":"Jornet","year":"2008","unstructured":"[44] J. M. Jornet, M. Stojanovic, and M. Zorzi, \"Focused beam routing protocol for underwater acoustic networks,\" in Procs. of The 3rd ACM Int. Workshop on Underwater Networks, San Francisco, USA, pp. 75-82, 2008."},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"72","volume-title":"\"DBR Depth-based routing for underwater sensor networks \" in Procs of Networking 2008 The 7th Int IFIP-TC6 Networking Conf on Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks","author":"Yan","year":"2008","unstructured":"[45] H. Yan, Z. J. Shi, and J. H. Cui, \"DBR: Depth-based routing for underwater sensor networks,\" in Procs. of Networking 2008: The 7th Int. IFIP-TC6 Networking Conf. on Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks, Wireless Networks, Next Generation Internet, Singapore, pp. 72-86, 2008."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1089803.1089988"},{"key":"ref23","volume-title":"\"A Resilient Routing Algorithm for Long-term Applications in Underwater Sensor Networks \" in MedHocNet","author":"Pompili","year":"2006","unstructured":"[47] D. Pompili, T. Melodia, and I. F. Akyildiz, \"A Resilient Routing Algorithm for Long-term Applications in Underwater Sensor Networks,\" in MedHocNet, Lipari, Italy, 2006."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[4] A. A. Syed, W. Ye, and J. Heidemann, \"T-Lohi: A new class of MAC protocols for underwater acoustic sensor networks,\" 27th IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications (Infocom), Vols 1-5, pp. 789-797, 2008.","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2008.55"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[6] C. E. Perkins, and P. Bhagwat, \"Highly dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers,\" in Procs. of The Conf. on Comms. Architectures, Protocols and Applications, London, UK, pp. 234-244, 1994.","DOI":"10.1145\/190809.190336"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[8] T.-W. Chen and M. Gerla, \"Global state routing: a new routing scheme for ad-hoc wireless networks,\" in Procs. of The IEEE ICC, 1998."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[11] G. Pei, M. Gerla, X. Hong, and C. Chiang, \"A wireless hierarchical routing protocol with group mobility,\" in Procs. of Wireless Communications and Networking, New Orleans, 1999."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[12] K. K. Kasera and R. Ramanathan, \"A location management protocol for hierarchically organized multihop mobile wireless networks,\" in Procs. of The IEEE ICUPC '97, San Diego, CA, pp. 158162, October, 1997."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[13] C. C. Chiang, H. K. Wu, W. T. Liu et al., \"Routing in clustered multihop, mobile wireless networks with fading channel,\" Networks: The Next Millenninum - The IEEE Singapore Int. Conf. on Networks 1997, IEEE Sicon '97, pp. 197-211, 1997."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[14] D. Johnson, D. Maltz, and J. Jetcheva, \"The dynamic source routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks,\" Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-dsr-07.txt, 2002."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[15] Y. -B. Ko and N. H. Vaidya, \"Location-aided routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks,\" in Procs. of The 4th Annual ACM\/IEEE Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking (Mobicom '98), Dallas, TX, 1998."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[16] M. Jiang, J. Ji, and Y. C. Tay, \"Cluster based routing protocol,\" Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-cbrp-spec-01.txt, 1999."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[17] S. Das, C. Perkins, and E. Royer, \"Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing,\" RFC-3561, July, 2003.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc3561"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[19] R. Dube, C. Rais, K. Wang, and S. Tripathi, \"Signal stability based adaptive routing (SSA) for ad hoc mobile networks,\" IEEE Personal Communication 4 (1) 36-45, 1997.","DOI":"10.1109\/98.575990"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[20] Z.J. Hass, and R. Pearlman, \"Zone routing protocol for adhoc networks,\" Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-zrp-02.txt, 1999."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[24] N. Nikaein, H. Laboid, and C. Bonnet, \"Distributed dynamic routing algorithm (DDR) for mobile ad hoc networks,\" in Procs. of The 1st Annual Workshop on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing, 2000."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[25] Ian D. Chakeres and Charles E. Perkins, \"Dynamic MANET On-demand Routing Protocol,\" Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-dymo-12.txt, February, 2008."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[26] W. Heinzelman, J. Kulik, and H. Balakrishnan, \"Adaptive protocols for information dissemination in wireless sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The 5th Annual ACM\/IEEE Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom '99), Seattle, USA, August, 1999.","DOI":"10.1145\/313451.313529"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[27] C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, and D. Estrin, \"Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The 6th Annual ACM\/IEEE Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom '00), Boston, USA, August 2000.","DOI":"10.1145\/345910.345920"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[28] D. Braginsky and D. Estrin, \"Rumor routing algorithm for sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The 1st Workshop on Sensor Networks and Applications (WSNA), Atlanta, USA, October, 2002.","DOI":"10.1145\/570738.570742"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[31] R. Shah and J. Rabaey, \"Energy aware routing for low energy ad hoc sensor networks,\" in Procs. of The IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Orlando, USA, March, 2002."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[36] S. Lindsey and C. S. Raghavendra, \"PEGASIS: power efficient gathering in sensor information systems,\" in Procs. of The IEEE Aerospace Conf., Big Sky, USA, March, 2002."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[37] S. Lindsey, C. S. Raghavendra, and K. Sivalingam, \"Data gathering in sensor networks using the energy*delay metric,\" in Procs. of The IPDPS Workshop on Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, San Francisco, USA, April, 2001.","DOI":"10.1109\/IPDPS.2001.925196"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[38] Y. Xu, J. Heidemann, and D. Estrin, \"Geography-informed energy conservation for ad hoc routing,\" in Procs. of The 7th Annual ACM\/IEEE Int. Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom '01), Rome, Italy, July, 2001.","DOI":"10.1145\/381677.381685"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[41] E. A. Carlson, P. P. Beaujean, and E. An, \"Locationaware routing protocol for underwater acoustic networks,\" Oceans 2006, Vols 1-4, pp. 1608-1613, 2006."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[42] E. M. Sozer, M. Stojanovic, and J. G. Proakis, Initialization and Routing Optimization for Ad Hoc Underwater Acoustic Networks,\" in Opnetwork '00, Washington DC, USA, 2000."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[43] P. Xie, J. H. Cui, and L. Lao, \"VBF: Vector-based forwarding protocol for underwater sensor networks,\" in Procs. of IFIP Networking, pp. 1216-1221, 2006."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[48] P. Brenner, \"A Technical Tutorial on the IEEE 802.11 Protocol,\" BreezeCOM Wireless Communications, URL: http:\/\/www.sss-mag.com\/pdf\/802_11tut.pdf, 1997."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[49] \"Internet Protocol Suit,\" URL: http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_Protocol_Suite."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[50] G. A. Di Caro, \"Analysis of simulation environments for mobile ad hoc networks,\" Technical Report No. IDSIA-24-03, Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, December, 2003."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[51] V. Rodoplu and M. K. Park, \"An Energy-Efficient MAC protocol for Underwater Wireless Acoustic Network,\" in Procs. of MTS\/IEEE OCEANS '05, 2005."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"[52] P. Xie and J. H. Cui, \"R-MAC: An Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks,\" in Procs. of IEEE WASA '07, 2007. 53. M. Hayajneh, I. Khalil, and Y. Gadallah, \"An OFDMABased MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks,\" in Procs. of IWCMC '09, Leipzig, Germany, 2009. 54. N. Nowsheen, C. Benson, and M. Frater, \"Design of a high frequency FPGA acoustic modem for underwater communication,\" in Procs. of IEEE OCEANS 2010, pp. 1-6, 24-27 May, Sydney, Australia, 2010. 55. P-P J. Beaujean, \"A Performance Study of the High-Speed, High-Frequency Acoustic Uplink of the HERMES Underwater Acoustic Modem,\" IEEE Oceans, May, Bremen, 2009."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[53] M. Hayajneh, I. Khalil, and Y. Gadallah, \"An OFDMABased MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks,\" in Procs. of IWCMC '09, Leipzig, Germany, 2009.","DOI":"10.1145\/1582379.1582556"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[54] N. Nowsheen, C. Benson, and M. Frater, \"Design of a high frequency FPGA acoustic modem for underwater communication,\" in Procs. of IEEE OCEANS 2010, pp. 1-6, 24-27 May, Sydney, Australia, 2010.","DOI":"10.1109\/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603819"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[55] P-P J. Beaujean, \"A Performance Study of the High-Speed, High-Frequency Acoustic Uplink of the HERMES Underwater Acoustic Modem,\" IEEE Oceans, May, Bremen, 2009.","DOI":"10.1109\/OCEANSE.2009.5278282"}],"container-title":["Journal of Networks"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T22:53:46Z","timestamp":1745967226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dblp.org\/db\/journals\/jnw\/index.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4304\/jnw.8.2.317-330","relation":{},"ISSN":["1796-2056"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1796-2056","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]}}}