{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T20:10:57Z","timestamp":1762027857207,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"African Journals Online (AJOL)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr H. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is common in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, poor access to endoscopy services precludes the diagnosis of varices.Objectives: We determined the diagnostic accuracy of routine clinical findings for detection of esophageal varices among patients with UGIB in rural SSA where schistosomiasis is endemic.Methods: We studied patients with a history of UGIB. The index tests included routine clinical findings and the reference test was diagnostic endoscopy. Multivariable regression with post-estimation provided measures of association and diagnostic accuracy.Results: We studied 107 participants with UGIB and 21% had active bleeding. One hundred and three (96%) had liver disease and 86(80%) varices. Factors associated with varices (p-value &lt;0.05) were \u2265 4 lifetime episodes of UGIB, prior blood transfusion, splenomegaly, liver fibrosis, thrombocytopenia, platelet count spleen diameter ratio &lt;909, and a dilated portal vein. Two models showed an overall diagnostic accuracy of &gt; 90% in detection of varices with a number needed to misdiagnose of 13(number of patients who needed to be tested in order for one to be misdiagnosed by the test).Conclusion: Where access to endoscopy is limited, routine clinical findings could improve the diagnosis of patients with UGIB in Africa.Keywords: The diagnostic accuracy of routine clinical findings for detection of esophageal varices in rural sub-Saharan Africa where schistosomiasis is endemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v19i4.46","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T10:29:54Z","timestamp":1602584994000},"page":"3225-3234","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The diagnostic accuracy of routine clinical findings for detection of esophageal varices in rural sub-Saharan Africa where schistosomiasis is endemic"],"prefix":"10.4314","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Christopher K","family":"Opio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lalitha","family":"Rejani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Kazibwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ponsiano","family":"Ocama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2895","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1970,1,1]]},"container-title":["African Health Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ahs\/article\/download\/192308\/181432","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ahs\/article\/download\/192308\/181432","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T10:30:01Z","timestamp":1602585001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ahs\/article\/view\/192308"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1970,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/ahs.v19i4.46","relation":{},"ISSN":["1680-6905"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1680-6905"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1970,1,1]]}}}