{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T19:02:21Z","timestamp":1782327741840,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"African Journals Online (AJOL)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr H. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Human behavioral traits are known to be significantly heritable. Certain individuals have a greater tendency of negative behavioral aspects including aggression. The quest to identify tunderlying genetic causes has led to identification of a number of genetic markers, one of them is the monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) gene.\r\nObjective: We aimed to genotype a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the promoter region and a functional SNP within this gene (T941G, dbSNP ID: rs6323) in the recruited cohort of 482 subjects.\r\nMethods: After DNA isolation, genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP and the results were confirmed by sequencing.\r\nResults: For VNTRs, the results showed, highest frequency of 3.5 repeats in males and 4 repeats in females in the promoter region. The genotype frequencies for the SNP in cases were GG=16.3%, TG=20.6% and TT=63.1%, while in controls, the frequencies were GG=12.7%, TG=6.3%, and TT=81.0%. The allele frequencies were significantly different between cases and controls (p=0.015; OR=1.51; CI=1.085-2.102).\r\nConclusion: The selected VNTR and SNP appeared to be significantly associated with aggression. These VNTRs and SNP have not been studied previously in the Pakistani population, hence they represent a unique ethnic group. These results, however, would have to be replicated in larger cohorts.\r\nKeywords: Aggression; MAO-A gene; VNTRs; T941G; rs6323; Pakistan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v21i1.24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T13:18:29Z","timestamp":1618838309000},"page":"180-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association of variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and T941G polymorphism of monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) gene with aggression in Pakistani subjects"],"prefix":"10.4314","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sumbal","family":"Sarwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Shabana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahida","family":"Hasnain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2895","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"container-title":["African Health Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ahs\/article\/download\/206050\/194294","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ahs\/article\/download\/206050\/194294","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T08:45:47Z","timestamp":1622105147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ahs\/article\/view\/206050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/ahs.v21i1.24","relation":{},"ISSN":["1680-6905"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1680-6905","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]}}}