{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:28:53Z","timestamp":1783074533727,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"African Journals Online (AJOL)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ethiop J Health Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) are ubiquitous, free-living, environmental saprophytic microorganisms. NTMs\u00a0 belong to the genus Mycobacterium which includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). NTMs have lately been a major cause of\u00a0 pulmonary disease (PD) in immuno-compromised individuals including HIV-1 patients. NTMs and MTB appear similar based on\u00a0 microscopy, radiology, and clinical symptoms; consequently, this may lead to misdiagnosis. This study sought to establish the prevalence\u00a0 of NTM pulmonary disease in HIV-1 patients presumed to have pulmonary tuberculosis.\r\nMethods: A cross-sectional analytical laboratory study design was used targeting 617 adult HIV-1 infected patients presenting with\u00a0 presumptive pulmonary TB at Bungoma County Hospital Comprehensive Care Clinic in Western Kenya between July 2021 to June 2022.\r\nResults: A total of 75 (12.2%, 4.6 -9.8 CI) of the participants presented with presumptive MTB and had TB-like symptoms while 542\u00a0 (87.8%, 12.5 -30.7 CI) were negative. Additionally, 56 (9.1%) were infected with NTMs. HIV-positive participants had a significantly higher\u00a0 prevalence of NTMs 62 (11.8%, 5.6 -9.2 CI) compared to 2 (2.1%, 0.4 -1.8 CI). In HI 10 (13.3%) as\u00a0 well as M. kansasii 8 (10.7%). V + study participants P&lt;0.0001. M. avium was the most\u00a0 prevalent NTM, 25(33.3%), followed by M. fortuitum 20 (26.7%). A significant number of the isolates were M. tuberculosis\r\nConclusion: There seems to be a high prevalence of NTMPD in HIV-1 patients which is assumed to be\u00a0 pulmonary TB. Differential diagnosis of the mycobacterium species is necessary to help improve disease management and outcomes in\u00a0 this group of patients. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v33i5.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T14:58:53Z","timestamp":1695913133000},"page":"735-742","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prevalence of Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacterium Pulmonary Disease in HIV-1 Patients with Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Western Kenya"],"prefix":"10.4314","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Ochayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Wamalwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erick","family":"Barasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah","family":"Zablon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Sowayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Were","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godfrey","family":"Gitonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Shaviya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2895","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"container-title":["Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ejhs\/article\/download\/255803\/241665","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ejhs\/article\/download\/255803\/241665","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T15:00:35Z","timestamp":1695913235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/ejhs\/article\/view\/255803"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/ejhs.v33i5.3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2413-7170","1029-1857"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2413-7170","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1029-1857","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]}}}