{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T18:34:46Z","timestamp":1757615686783,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"African Journals Online (AJOL)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rwanda J Med Health Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BackgroundThe challenges posed by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including treatment resistance, pandemic threats, and vaccine failure, necessitate the need for locally sourced efficacious therapeutic interventions. We investigated the in-vitro antiviral effects of natural medicinal compounds from Artemisia spp., validated by molecular docking, on TNF-\u03b1 levels in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients from a designated Lagos COVID-19 isolation centre.MethodsBioactive chemicals in ethanol and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts from freshly collected, dried, and powdered A. afra and A. annua leaves were characterised using UHPLC. A cross-sectional study of 253 hospitalised SARS-CoV-2 patients was conducted to evaluate the extracts' antiviral activity through serum TNF-\u03b1 modulation; and docking techniques to determine compound-TNF-\u03b1 binding affinities.ResultsPhytochemical screening of A. annua revealed therapeutic constituents ((lactones, monoterpenes, flavonoids, and sesquiterpenes (artemisinin, rutin, and phenolic acids)) confirmed by UHPLC. The dichloromethane extract of A. afra demonstrated greater TNF-\u03b1 inhibition in critically ill COVID-19 patients unlike ethanol extracts. Molecular docking validated TNF-\u03b1 binding affinity for most isolated compounds. ConclusionsArtemisia spp. promises antiviral-proinflammatory cytokine regulation, justifying clinical COVID-19 prophylaxis\/therapeutic research, especially against resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants. This could reduce vaccination dependency in impoverished nations while addressing vaccine efficacy and local immunity gaps.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2025;8(2):181-197<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4314\/rjmhs.v8i2.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T14:49:58Z","timestamp":1757083798000},"page":"181-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF- \u03b1) and Antiviral Activities of Artemisia SPP. Extracts on SARS-COV2"],"prefix":"10.4314","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Taiwo","family":"Abayomi Banjo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Olubusayo Binuyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Willie Siyanbola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Joseph Senu Ashidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Ngozi Mirabel Otuonye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Wasiu Bamidele Mutiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Saheed Adekunle Akinola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Raheem Akinwunmi Akindele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Rasheed Omotayo Adeyemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Oluwabunmi Motunrayo Fatungase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Hubert Kageruka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Chinedum Taahie Oparaugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Farouk Adedeji Oladoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Farouk Adedeji Oladoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Ahmed Adebowale Adedeji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Ebelechukwu Eugenia Afocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Lateef Saka Kazim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2895","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"container-title":["Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/rjmhs\/article\/download\/304026\/285785","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/rjmhs\/article\/download\/304026\/285785","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T14:50:04Z","timestamp":1757083804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\/rjmhs\/article\/view\/304026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/rjmhs.v8i2.2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2616-9827","2616-9819"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2616-9827"},{"type":"print","value":"2616-9819"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]}}}