{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:54:41Z","timestamp":1785200081292,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Protection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.4315\/jfp-21-319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T17:08:36Z","timestamp":1643908116000},"page":"747-754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Multistate Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella Infections Linked to Kratom: A Focus on Traceback, Laboratory, and Regulatory Activities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Johnson","family":"Nsubuga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Baugher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Schwensohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyann","family":"Blessington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Aguillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brooke","family":"Whitney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Brewster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Humbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvin","family":"Crosby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Gieraltowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren Shade","family":"Singleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Hilgendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0010","author":"AOAC International.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Official methods of analysis. 2011.03: Salmonella in variety of food. bioMerieux USA, Durham, NC."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0015","series-title":"Official methods of analysis, 19th ed., chap. 17","author":"AOAC International.","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0020","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Multistate outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to kratom (final update)"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0025","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Salmonella"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0030","author":"Cherry","year":"2017","journal-title":"A practical exact maximum compatibility algorithm for reconstruction of recent evolutionary history. BMC Bioinformatics 18(1):127."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0035","author":"Davis","year":"2015","journal-title":"CFSAN SNP pipeline: an automated method for constructing SNP matrices from next-generation sequence data. PeerJ Comput. Sci. 1:e20."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0040","author":"European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addition.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kratom drug profile"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0045","first-page":"2176","article-title":"Kratom exposures among older adults reported to U.S. poison centers, 2014\u20132019. J. Am. Geriatr","volume":"69","author":"Graves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0050","author":"Grimont","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.007","article-title":"Patterns of kratom use and health impact in the US\u2014results from an online survey","volume":"176","author":"Grundmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0060","first-page":"138","article-title":"From kratom to mitragynine and its derivatives: physiological and behavioural effects related to use, abuse, and addiction. Neurosci. Biobehav","volume":"37","author":"Hassan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.4315\/JFP-21-112","article-title":"An overview of traceback investigations and three case studies of recent outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections linked to romaine lettuce","volume":"84","author":"Irvin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Prot"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0070","series-title":"Manual of laboratory methods, 3rd ed. U.S","author":"National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS).","year":"2016"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-17-034","article-title":"Geospatial mapping of early cases in multistate foodborne disease outbreaks: a strategy to expedite identification of contaminated imported produce, United States, 2006 to 2013","volume":"80","author":"Parker","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Prot"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0080","author":"Pightling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Interpreting whole-genome sequence analyses of foodborne bacteria for regulatory applications and outbreak investigations. Front. Microbiol. 9:1482."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15082","article-title":"Prevalence and description of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) use in the United States: a cross-sectional study","volume":"116","author":"Schimmel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0090","author":"Parliament","year":"2016","journal-title":"UK public general acts. Psychoactive substance act 2016, chap. 2."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0095","author":"U.S. Congress.","year":"2010","journal-title":"U.S. Code. Title 21\u2014Food and drugs, chapter 9\u2014Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, subchapter II\u2014Definitions, sec. 321\u2014Definitions; generally."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0100","author":"U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration.","year":"2016","journal-title":"United Kingdom: an emerging supplier of kratom to the United States despite new restrictions. DEA bulletin DEA-EAF-BUL-020-17, November 2016."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0105","author":"U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa korth). Street names: thang, kakuam, thom, ketun, biak)."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0110","article-title":"Salmonella","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bacteriological analytical manual, chap. 5."},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0115","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.","year":"2018","journal-title":"FDA and kratom"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0120","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.","year":"2018","journal-title":"FDA investigated multistate outbreak of Salmonella infections linked to products reported to contain kratom"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0125","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.","year":"2018","journal-title":"FDA orders mandatory recall for kratom products due to risk of Salmonella"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0130","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Guidance for industry and FDA staff: questions and answers regarding mandatory food recalls"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0135","article-title":"Establishment inspections","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Investigations operations manual, chap. 5."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000000857","article-title":"Kratom and general anesthesia: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Vermaire","year":"2019","journal-title":"A A Pract"},{"key":"10.4315\/JFP-21-319_bb0145","author":"Zwickl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genetic algorithm approaches for the phylogenetic analysis of large biological sequence datasets under the maximum likelihood criterion. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Texas at Austin."}],"container-title":["Journal of Food Protection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0362028X22067679?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0362028X22067679?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jfp\/article-pdf\/85\/5\/747\/3059498\/i1944-9097-85-5-747.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jfp\/article-pdf\/85\/5\/747\/3059498\/i1944-9097-85-5-747.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T22:31:31Z","timestamp":1759789891000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0362028X22067679"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0362028X22067679"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4315\/jfp-21-319","relation":{},"ISSN":["0362-028X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0362-028X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multistate Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella Infections Linked to Kratom: A Focus on Traceback, Laboratory, and Regulatory Activities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Food Protection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4315\/JFP-21-319","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2022 International Association for Food Protection. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}