{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:24:18Z","timestamp":1787235858212,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SMW Supporting Association","issue":"3940","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,26]],"date-time":"2011-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Swiss Med Wkly"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND:Non-medical  use of methylphenidate is increasing. Little is known about potential acute  medical complications associated with recreational use of methylphenidate.\n        STUDY AIM: To identify medical problems associated  with methylphenidate abuse.\n        METHODS: Retrospective case series of methylphenidate  abuse cases presenting to an inner city emergency department.\n        RESULTS: We identified 14 cases of methylphenidate  abuse between 2003 and 2010. Ten of these patients abused methylphenidate alone  while four co-ingested other drugs, mainly alcohol. The route of ingestion was  oral in nine patients, nasal in one and intravascular in four. Severe toxicity  was exclusively observed in users who injected the drug. Two cases involved  accidental intra-arterial injection and resulted in tissue necrosis leading to the  amputation of a forearm and of fingertips, respectively. Clinical findings in  the non-serious cases included mild to moderate symptoms and signs of  sympathetic nervous stimulation such as agitation, tachycardia, hypertension,  anxiety, hallucination, headache, tremor and dizziness. Nine of the fourteen  patients were taking methylphenidate as a prescribed drug. Eight patients were  former or current multiple substance abusers.\n        CONCLUSION: Methylphenidate misuse is not a  significant burden for emergency departments in Switzerland. Oral and nasal administration  of methylphenidate did not result in severe toxicity. However, injection of  crushed methylphenidate pills lead to serious local toxicity. Most patients  with methylphenidate abuse had a prescription for the drug indicating deviation  from medical use. A history of multiple substance use may be a risk factor for  non-medical use of methylphenidate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2011.13267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,27]],"date-time":"2011-10-27T03:48:08Z","timestamp":1319687288000},"page":"w13267","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Severe  toxicity due to injected but not oral or nasal abuse of\u00a0methylphenidate tablets"],"prefix":"10.57187","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Marcel","family":"Bruggisser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Bodmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias E.","family":"Liechti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"36756","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,26]]},"container-title":["Swiss Medical Weekly"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/smw.ch\/index.php\/smw\/article\/download\/1350\/1584","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/smw.ch\/index.php\/smw\/article\/download\/1350\/1585","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/smw.ch\/index.php\/smw\/article\/download\/1350\/1584","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T03:09:26Z","timestamp":1755227366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/smw.ch\/index.php\/smw\/article\/view\/1350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,26]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3940","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4414\/smw.2011.13267","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-3997"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-3997","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,26]]}}}