{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T16:52:22Z","timestamp":1775148742717,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"American Spinal Injury Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric spinal cord disorders (SCD) are rare and devastating. However, evidence on the effect on musculoskeletal health management is limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the relationships between SCD characteristics and musculoskeletal complications in children with SCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Medical records of patients admitted between January 2010 and December 2022 with SCD were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data and the presence of hypercalcemia, fractures, scoliosis, hip dysplasia, spasticity, contractures, calcium, and vitamin D status were obtained (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 100; male, 61%; median [IQR] age at diagnosis, 9 [9.5] years, range 0-17).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Traumatic diagnoses represented 36% of patients. Incidence of scoliosis was 41%, hip dysplasia 12%, pathological fractures 9%, spasticity 32%, contractures 27%, hypercalcemia 20%, and vitamin D insufficiency 28% of total. Hypercalcemia was associated with male patients (odds ratio [OR] 4.07, 95% CI 1.03-16.06) and wheelchair users (OR 6.77, 95% CI 1.99-23.84). Nonambulant subjects were at increased risk of having scoliosis (OR 11.69, 95% CI 3.04-44.96), hip dysplasia (OR 55.64, 95% CI 5.59-553.41), contractures (OR 10.72, 95% CI 2.64-43.53), spasticity (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.14-8.87), and presence of three or more musculoskeletal-related complications (OR 27.03, 95% CI 5.62-130.10).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with SCD are susceptible to many complications related to musculoskeletal health. This research provides comprehensive data on both traumatic and nontraumatic SCD disease etiologies in Victoria, Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.46292\/sci24-00033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T03:33:01Z","timestamp":1748575981000},"page":"101-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Audit Determining Standard of Care for Musculoskeletal Health in Children With Spinal Cord Disorders"],"prefix":"10.46292","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jamie","family":"Ellis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary P.","family":"Galea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Simm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Scheinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"25425","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"b1","series-title":"Orthop Nurs","first-page":"300","article-title":"Unique issues in pediatric spinal cord injury","volume":"23","author":"Vogel LC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Hickey KJ, Klaas SJ, Anderson CJ. Unique issues in pediatric spinal cord injury. Orthop Nurs. 2004;23(5):300-310. doi:10.1097\/00006416-200409000-00004"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Trauma","first-page":"75","article-title":"Long-term outcome of pediatric spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Kulshrestha R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kulshrestha R, Kumar N, Chowdhury JR, Osman A, El Masri W. Long-term outcome of pediatric spinal cord injury. Trauma. 2017;19:75-82. doi:10.1177\/1460408617706387"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"S10","article-title":"Bone mineral density of the hip and knee in children with spinal cord injury","volume":"30","author":"Lauer R","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lauer R, Johnston TE, Smith BT, Mulcahey MJ, Betz RR, Maurer AH. Bone mineral density of the hip and knee in children with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30(Suppl 1):S10-S14. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2007.11753962"},{"issue":"5","key":"b4","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"869","article-title":"Relationship between the duration of paralysis and bone structure: A pQCT study of spinal cord injured individuals","volume":"34","author":"Eser P","year":"2004","unstructured":"Eser P, Frotzler A, Zehnder Y, et al. Relationship between the duration of paralysis and bone structure: A pQCT study of spinal cord injured individuals. Bone. 2004;34(5):869-880. doi:10.1016\/j.bone.2004.01.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"b5","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"249","article-title":"Characterization of the bone mineral density of children with spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Moynahan M","year":"1996","unstructured":"Moynahan M, Betz RR, Triolo RJ, Maurer AH. Characterization of the bone mineral density of children with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 1996;19(4):249-254. doi:10.1080\/10790268.1996.11719441"},{"issue":"2","key":"b6","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"117","article-title":"Adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Part 2: Musculoskeletal and neurological complications","volume":"25","author":"Vogel LC","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Krajci KA, Anderson CJ. Adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Part 2: Musculoskeletal and neurological complications. J Spinal Cord Med. 2002;25(2):117-123. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2002.11753611"},{"issue":"2","key":"b7","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"214","article-title":"Scoliosis in pediatric spinal cord-injured patients","volume":"10","author":"Dearolf WW 3rd","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dearolf WW 3rd, Betz RR, Vogel LC, Levin J, Clancy M, Steel HH. Scoliosis in pediatric spinal cord-injured patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 1990;10(2):214-218."},{"issue":"12","key":"b8","series-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol","first-page":"1138","article-title":"Spinal cord injuries in young children: A review of children injured at 5 years of age and younger","volume":"54","author":"Schottler J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schottler J, Vogel LC, Sturm P. Spinal cord injuries in young children: A review of children injured at 5 years of age and younger. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012;54(12):1138-1143. doi:10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04411.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"b9","series-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil","first-page":"96","article-title":"Neuromuscular scoliosis in children with spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Mulcahey MJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mulcahey MJ, Gaughan JP, Betz RR, Samdani AF, Barakat N, Hunter LN. Neuromuscular scoliosis in children with spinal cord injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2013;19(2):96-103. doi:10.1310\/sci1902-96."},{"issue":"9","key":"b10","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"1401","article-title":"Spine deformity subsequent to acquired childhood spinal cord injury","volume":"63","author":"Mayfield JK","year":"1981","unstructured":"Mayfield JK, Erkkila JC, Winter RB. Spine deformity subsequent to acquired childhood spinal cord injury. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981;63(9):1401-1411."},{"issue":"5","key":"b11","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"583","article-title":"Hip instability in spinal cord injury patients","volume":"10","author":"Rink P","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rink P, Miller F. Hip instability in spinal cord injury patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 1990;10(5):583-587. doi:10.1097\/01241398-199009000-00002"},{"issue":"11","key":"b12","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"1040","article-title":"Hip deformities in children with spinal cord injury","volume":"76","author":"Gogia RS","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gogia RS, Lubicky JP, Vogel LC. Hip deformities in children with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995;76(11):1040. doi:10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)81128-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"b13","series-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil","first-page":"17","article-title":"Outcomes of adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Longitudinal findings and implications on transition to adulthood","volume":"16","author":"Zebracki K","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zebracki K, Anderson CJ, Chlan KM, Vogel LC. Outcomes of adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Longitudinal findings and implications on transition to adulthood. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2010;16(1):17-25. doi:10.1310\/sci1601-17"},{"issue":"1","key":"b14","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg","first-page":"47","article-title":"Paralytic spinal deformity following traumatic spinal cord injury in children and adolescents","volume":"63","author":"Lancourt JE","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lancourt JE, Dickson JH, Carter E. Paralytic spinal deformity following traumatic spinal cord injury in children and adolescents. J Bone Joint Surg. 1981;63(1):47-53."},{"issue":"2","key":"b15","series-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev","first-page":"152","article-title":"Scoliosis and the respiratory system","volume":"7","author":"Koumbourlis AC","year":"2006","unstructured":"Koumbourlis AC. Scoliosis and the respiratory system. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2006;7(2):152-160. doi:10.1016\/j.prrv.2006.04.009"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Scand J Occup Ther","first-page":"28","article-title":"Back pain and spinal deformity\u2014common among wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries","volume":"3","author":"Samuelsson K","year":"1996","unstructured":"Samuelsson K, Larsson H, Thyberg M, Tropp H. Back pain and spinal deformity\u2014common among wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries. Scand J Occup Ther. 1996;3:28-32. doi:10.3109\/11038129609106679"},{"issue":"4","key":"b17","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"396","article-title":"Relationship of spine deformity and pelvic obliquity on sitting pressure distributions and decubitus ulceration","volume":"5","author":"Drummond D","year":"1985","unstructured":"Drummond D, Breed AL, Narechania R. Relationship of spine deformity and pelvic obliquity on sitting pressure distributions and decubitus ulceration. J Pediatr Orthop. 1985;5(4):396-402. doi:10.1097\/01241398-198507000-00002"},{"issue":"19","key":"b18","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"2243","article-title":"Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in assessing lung volumes, chest wall, and diaphragm motions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis versus normal controls","volume":"31","author":"Chu WC","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chu WC, Li AM, Ng BK, et al. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in assessing lung volumes, chest wall, and diaphragm motions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis versus normal controls. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31(19):2243-2249. doi:10.1097\/01.brs.0000232822.74349.32"},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"428","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in individuals with a spinal cord injury: A literature review","volume":"55","author":"Flueck JL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flueck JL, Perret C. Vitamin D deficiency in individuals with a spinal cord injury: A literature review. Spinal Cord. 2017;55(5):428-434. doi:10.1038\/sc.2016.155"},{"issue":"2","key":"b20","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","first-page":"394","article-title":"Global consensus recommendations on prevention and management of nutritional rickets","volume":"101","author":"Munns CF","year":"2016","unstructured":"Munns CF, Shaw N, Kiely M, et al. Global consensus recommendations on prevention and management of nutritional rickets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(2):394-415. doi:10.1210\/jc.2015-2175"},{"issue":"5","key":"b21","series-title":"Osteoporos Int","first-page":"1641","article-title":"The associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the risk of total fracture and hip fracture","volume":"28","author":"Feng Y","year":"2017","unstructured":"Feng Y, Cheng G, Wang H, Chen B. The associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the risk of total fracture and hip fracture. Osteoporos Int. 2017;28(5):1641-1652. doi:10.1007\/s00198-017-3955-x"},{"issue":"2","key":"b22","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"260","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures","volume":"42","author":"Van Schoor NM","year":"2008","unstructured":"Van Schoor NM, Visser M, Pluijm SM, Kuchuk N, Smit JH, Lips P. Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Bone. 2008;42(2):260-266. doi:10.1016\/j.bone.2007.11.002"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Med Sci Monit","first-page":"8260","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency\/ insufficiency is associated with risk of osteoporotic thoracolumbar junction vertebral fractures","volume":"25","author":"Zhang L","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang L, Chun C, Yang Y, et al. Vitamin D deficiency\/ insufficiency is associated with risk of osteoporotic thoracolumbar junction vertebral fractures. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:8260-8268. doi:10.12659\/MSM.915780"},{"issue":"6","key":"b24","series-title":"BMJ Case Rep","article-title":"Extreme hypercalcaemia caused by immobilisation due to acute spinal cord injury","volume":"14","author":"Tettero JM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tettero JM, van Eeghen E, Kooter AJ. Extreme hypercalcaemia caused by immobilisation due to acute spinal cord injury. BMJ Case Rep. 2021; 14(6):e241386. doi:10.1136\/bcr-2020-241386"},{"issue":"2","key":"b25","series-title":"J Funct Morphol Kinesiol","first-page":"55","article-title":"Role of physical activity in bone\u2013muscle crosstalk: Biological aspects and clinical implications","volume":"6","author":"Cariati I","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cariati I, Bonanni R, Onorato F, Mastrogregori A, Rossi D, Iundusi R, et al. Role of physical activity in bone\u2013muscle crosstalk: Biological aspects and clinical implications. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2021;6(2):55."},{"issue":"5","key":"b26","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"489","article-title":"Bone loss and muscle atrophy in spinal cord injury: Epidemiology, fracture prediction, and rehabilitation strategies","volume":"29","author":"Giangregorio L","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giangregorio L, McCartney N. Bone loss and muscle atrophy in spinal cord injury: Epidemiology, fracture prediction, and rehabilitation strategies. J Spinal Cord Med. 2006;29(5):489-500. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2006.11753898"},{"issue":"1","key":"b27","series-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am","first-page":"163","article-title":"Musculoskeletal complications of neuromuscular disease in children","volume":"19","author":"Driscoll SW","year":"2008","unstructured":"Driscoll SW, Skinner J. Musculoskeletal complications of neuromuscular disease in children. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008;19(1):163-viii. doi:10.1016\/j.pmr.2007.10.003"},{"issue":"6","key":"b28","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"405","article-title":"Factors associated with contractures in acute spinal cord injury","volume":"36","author":"Dalyan M","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dalyan M, Sherman A, Cardenas DD. Factors associated with contractures in acute spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 1998;36(6):405-408. doi:10.1038\/sj.sc.3100620"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM)","author":"National Centre for Classification in Health","year":"2000","unstructured":"National Centre for Classification in Health. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM). 2nd ed. Sydney, Australia: National Centre for Classification in Health; 2000."},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"84","article-title":"Use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in pediatric patients","volume":"104","author":"Wasserman H","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wasserman H, O\u2019Donnell JM, Gordon CM. Use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in pediatric patients. Bone. 2017;104:84-90. doi:10.1016\/j.bone.2016.12.008"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Operative Neuromodulation. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement","article-title":"FES cycling","volume":"97\/1","author":"Newham DJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Newham DJ, de N Donaldson N. FES cycling. In: Sakas, DE, Simpson, BA, Krames, ES, eds., Operative Neuromodulation. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 97\/1. Vienna: Springer; 2007. doi:10.1007\/978-3-211-33079-1_52"},{"issue":"5","key":"b32","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale","volume":"475","author":"Roberts TT","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roberts TT, Leonard GR, Cepela DJ. Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017;475(5):1499-1504. doi:10.1007\/s11999-016-5133-4"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Front Pediatr","first-page":"147","article-title":"review of the literature on current changes in the timing of pubertal development and the incomplete forms of early puberty","volume":"7","author":"Farello G","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farello G, Altieri C, Cutini M, Pozzobon G, Verrotti A. review of the literature on current changes in the timing of pubertal development and the incomplete forms of early puberty. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:147. doi:10.3389\/fped.2019.00147"},{"issue":"1","key":"b34","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"84","article-title":"Thelarche, pubarche, and menarche attainment in children with normal and elevated body mass index","volume":"123","author":"Rosenfield RL","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rosenfield RL, Lipton RB, Drum ML. Thelarche, pubarche, and menarche attainment in children with normal and elevated body mass index. Pediatrics. 2009;123(1):84-88. doi:10.1542\/peds.2008-0146. Erratum in: Pediatrics. 2009;123(4):1255."},{"issue":"6","key":"b35","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"711","article-title":"Scoliosis in paediatric onset spinal cord injuries","volume":"58","author":"Kulshrestha R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kulshrestha R, Kuiper JH, Masri WE, et al. Scoliosis in paediatric onset spinal cord injuries. Spinal Cord. 2020;58(6):711-715. doi:10.1038\/s41393-020-0418-6"},{"issue":"14","key":"b36","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"E878","article-title":"A retrospective case series of pediatric spinal cord injury and disease in Victoria, Australia","volume":"38","author":"Galvin J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Galvin J, Scheinberg A, New PW. A retrospective case series of pediatric spinal cord injury and disease in Victoria, Australia. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013;38(14):E878-E882. doi:10.1097\/BRS.0b013e-318294e839"},{"issue":"2","key":"b37","series-title":"Pediatr Int","first-page":"254","article-title":"Characteristics of pediatric-onset spinal cord injury","volume":"51","author":"Lee JH","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee JH, Sung IY, Kang JY, Park SR. Characteristics of pediatric-onset spinal cord injury. Pediatr Int. 2009;51(2):254-257. doi:10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2008.02684.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"b38","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"183","article-title":"Global mapping for the epidemiology of paediatric spinal cord damage: Towards a living data repository","volume":"57","author":"New PW","year":"2019","unstructured":"New PW, Lee BB, Cripps R, Vogel LC, Scheinberg A, Waugh MC. Global mapping for the epidemiology of paediatric spinal cord damage: Towards a living data repository. Spinal Cord. 2019;57(3):183-197. doi:10.1038\/s41393-018-0209-5"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep","first-page":"158","article-title":"Pediatric spinal cord injury","volume":"2","author":"Osorio M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Osorio M, Reyes MR, Massagli TL. Pediatric spinal cord injury. Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2014;2:158-168. doi:10.1007\/s40141-014-0054-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"b40","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"510","article-title":"Ambulation in children and adolescents with spinal cord injuries","volume":"15","author":"Vogel LC","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Lubicky JP. Ambulation in children and adolescents with spinal cord injuries. J Pediatr Orthop. 1995;15(4):510-516. doi:10.1097\/01241398-199507000-00020"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"S158","article-title":"Ambulation in children and youth with spinal cord injuries","volume":"30","author":"Vogel LC","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Mendoza MM, Schottler JC, Chlan KM, Anderson CJ. Ambulation in children and youth with spinal cord injuries. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30(Suppl 1):S158-64. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2007.11754595"},{"issue":"3","key":"b42","series-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am","first-page":"675","article-title":"Prevention and management of limb contractures in neuromuscular diseases","volume":"23","author":"Skalsky AJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Skalsky AJ, McDonald CM. Prevention and management of limb contractures in neuromuscular diseases. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2012;23(3):675-87. doi:10.1016\/j.pmr.2012.06.009"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"41","article-title":"Immobilization hypercalcemia following spinal cord injury","volume":"67","author":"Maynard FM","year":"1986","unstructured":"Maynard FM. Immobilization hypercalcemia following spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1986; 67:41-44."},{"issue":"4","key":"b44","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"208","article-title":"Osteoporosis and risk of fracture in men with spinal cord injury","volume":"39","author":"Lazo MG","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lazo MG, Shirazi P, Sam M, Giobbie-Hurder A, Blacconiere MJ, Muppidi M. Osteoporosis and risk of fracture in men with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2001;39(4):208-214. doi:10.1038\/sj.sc.3101139"},{"issue":"1","key":"b45","series-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab","first-page":"34","article-title":"Factors affecting bone mineral density in children and adolescents with secondary osteoporosis","volume":"28","author":"Jang MJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jang MJ, Shin C, Kim S, Lee JW, Chung NG, Cho B, Jung MH, Suh BK, Ahn MB. Factors affecting bone mineral density in children and adolescents with secondary osteoporosis. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2023;28(1):34-41. doi:10.6065\/apem.2244026.013"},{"issue":"3","key":"b46","series-title":"Pediatr Res","first-page":"396","article-title":"Do bone mineral content and density determine fracture in children? A possible threshold for physical activity","volume":"82","author":"Martins A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martins A, Monjardino T, Nogueira L, Canh\u00e3o H, Lucas R. Do bone mineral content and density determine fracture in children? A possible threshold for physical activity. Pediatr Res. 2017;82(3):396-404. doi:10.1038\/pr.2017.113"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"1","article-title":"Establishing an Australian pediatric spinal cord disorder register using consumer, health professional, and researcher perspectives","author":"Ellis J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ellis J, Garner E, Webster KE, Darzins S, Galea MP, Scheinberg A. Establishing an Australian pediatric spinal cord disorder register using consumer, health professional, and researcher perspectives. J Spinal Cord Med. 2022:1-9. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2022.2115513"},{"issue":"5","key":"b1","series-title":"Orthop Nurs","first-page":"300","article-title":"Unique issues in pediatric spinal cord injury","volume":"23","author":"Vogel LC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Hickey KJ, Klaas SJ, Anderson CJ. Unique issues in pediatric spinal cord injury. Orthop Nurs. 2004;23(5):300-310. doi:10.1097\/00006416-200409000-00004"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Trauma","first-page":"75","article-title":"Long-term outcome of pediatric spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Kulshrestha R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kulshrestha R, Kumar N, Chowdhury JR, Osman A, El Masri W. Long-term outcome of pediatric spinal cord injury. Trauma. 2017;19:75-82. doi:10.1177\/1460408617706387"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"S10","article-title":"Bone mineral density of the hip and knee in children with spinal cord injury","volume":"30","author":"Lauer R","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lauer R, Johnston TE, Smith BT, Mulcahey MJ, Betz RR, Maurer AH. Bone mineral density of the hip and knee in children with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30(Suppl 1):S10-S14. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2007.11753962"},{"issue":"5","key":"b4","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"869","article-title":"Relationship between the duration of paralysis and bone structure: A pQCT study of spinal cord injured individuals","volume":"34","author":"Eser P","year":"2004","unstructured":"Eser P, Frotzler A, Zehnder Y, et al. Relationship between the duration of paralysis and bone structure: A pQCT study of spinal cord injured individuals. Bone. 2004;34(5):869-880. doi:10.1016\/j.bone.2004.01.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"b5","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"249","article-title":"Characterization of the bone mineral density of children with spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Moynahan M","year":"1996","unstructured":"Moynahan M, Betz RR, Triolo RJ, Maurer AH. Characterization of the bone mineral density of children with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 1996;19(4):249-254. doi:10.1080\/10790268.1996.11719441"},{"issue":"2","key":"b6","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"117","article-title":"Adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Part 2: Musculoskeletal and neurological complications","volume":"25","author":"Vogel LC","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Krajci KA, Anderson CJ. Adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Part 2: Musculoskeletal and neurological complications. J Spinal Cord Med. 2002;25(2):117-123. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2002.11753611"},{"issue":"2","key":"b7","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"214","article-title":"Scoliosis in pediatric spinal cord-injured patients","volume":"10","author":"Dearolf WW 3rd","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dearolf WW 3rd, Betz RR, Vogel LC, Levin J, Clancy M, Steel HH. Scoliosis in pediatric spinal cord-injured patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 1990;10(2):214-218."},{"issue":"12","key":"b8","series-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol","first-page":"1138","article-title":"Spinal cord injuries in young children: A review of children injured at 5 years of age and younger","volume":"54","author":"Schottler J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schottler J, Vogel LC, Sturm P. Spinal cord injuries in young children: A review of children injured at 5 years of age and younger. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012;54(12):1138-1143. doi:10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04411.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"b9","series-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil","first-page":"96","article-title":"Neuromuscular scoliosis in children with spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Mulcahey MJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mulcahey MJ, Gaughan JP, Betz RR, Samdani AF, Barakat N, Hunter LN. Neuromuscular scoliosis in children with spinal cord injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2013;19(2):96-103. doi:10.1310\/sci1902-96."},{"issue":"9","key":"b10","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"1401","article-title":"Spine deformity subsequent to acquired childhood spinal cord injury","volume":"63","author":"Mayfield JK","year":"1981","unstructured":"Mayfield JK, Erkkila JC, Winter RB. Spine deformity subsequent to acquired childhood spinal cord injury. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981;63(9):1401-1411."},{"issue":"5","key":"b11","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"583","article-title":"Hip instability in spinal cord injury patients","volume":"10","author":"Rink P","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rink P, Miller F. Hip instability in spinal cord injury patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 1990;10(5):583-587. doi:10.1097\/01241398-199009000-00002"},{"issue":"11","key":"b12","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"1040","article-title":"Hip deformities in children with spinal cord injury","volume":"76","author":"Gogia RS","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gogia RS, Lubicky JP, Vogel LC. Hip deformities in children with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995;76(11):1040. doi:10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)81128-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"b13","series-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil","first-page":"17","article-title":"Outcomes of adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Longitudinal findings and implications on transition to adulthood","volume":"16","author":"Zebracki K","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zebracki K, Anderson CJ, Chlan KM, Vogel LC. Outcomes of adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: Longitudinal findings and implications on transition to adulthood. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2010;16(1):17-25. doi:10.1310\/sci1601-17"},{"issue":"1","key":"b14","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg","first-page":"47","article-title":"Paralytic spinal deformity following traumatic spinal cord injury in children and adolescents","volume":"63","author":"Lancourt JE","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lancourt JE, Dickson JH, Carter E. Paralytic spinal deformity following traumatic spinal cord injury in children and adolescents. J Bone Joint Surg. 1981;63(1):47-53."},{"issue":"2","key":"b15","series-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev","first-page":"152","article-title":"Scoliosis and the respiratory system","volume":"7","author":"Koumbourlis AC","year":"2006","unstructured":"Koumbourlis AC. Scoliosis and the respiratory system. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2006;7(2):152-160. doi:10.1016\/j.prrv.2006.04.009"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Scand J Occup Ther","first-page":"28","article-title":"Back pain and spinal deformity\u2014common among wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries","volume":"3","author":"Samuelsson K","year":"1996","unstructured":"Samuelsson K, Larsson H, Thyberg M, Tropp H. Back pain and spinal deformity\u2014common among wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries. Scand J Occup Ther. 1996;3:28-32. doi:10.3109\/11038129609106679"},{"issue":"4","key":"b17","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"396","article-title":"Relationship of spine deformity and pelvic obliquity on sitting pressure distributions and decubitus ulceration","volume":"5","author":"Drummond D","year":"1985","unstructured":"Drummond D, Breed AL, Narechania R. Relationship of spine deformity and pelvic obliquity on sitting pressure distributions and decubitus ulceration. J Pediatr Orthop. 1985;5(4):396-402. doi:10.1097\/01241398-198507000-00002"},{"issue":"19","key":"b18","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"2243","article-title":"Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in assessing lung volumes, chest wall, and diaphragm motions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis versus normal controls","volume":"31","author":"Chu WC","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chu WC, Li AM, Ng BK, et al. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in assessing lung volumes, chest wall, and diaphragm motions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis versus normal controls. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31(19):2243-2249. doi:10.1097\/01.brs.0000232822.74349.32"},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"428","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in individuals with a spinal cord injury: A literature review","volume":"55","author":"Flueck JL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flueck JL, Perret C. Vitamin D deficiency in individuals with a spinal cord injury: A literature review. Spinal Cord. 2017;55(5):428-434. doi:10.1038\/sc.2016.155"},{"issue":"2","key":"b20","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","first-page":"394","article-title":"Global consensus recommendations on prevention and management of nutritional rickets","volume":"101","author":"Munns CF","year":"2016","unstructured":"Munns CF, Shaw N, Kiely M, et al. Global consensus recommendations on prevention and management of nutritional rickets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(2):394-415. doi:10.1210\/jc.2015-2175"},{"issue":"5","key":"b21","series-title":"Osteoporos Int","first-page":"1641","article-title":"The associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the risk of total fracture and hip fracture","volume":"28","author":"Feng Y","year":"2017","unstructured":"Feng Y, Cheng G, Wang H, Chen B. The associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the risk of total fracture and hip fracture. Osteoporos Int. 2017;28(5):1641-1652. doi:10.1007\/s00198-017-3955-x"},{"issue":"2","key":"b22","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"260","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures","volume":"42","author":"Van Schoor NM","year":"2008","unstructured":"Van Schoor NM, Visser M, Pluijm SM, Kuchuk N, Smit JH, Lips P. Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Bone. 2008;42(2):260-266. doi:10.1016\/j.bone.2007.11.002"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Med Sci Monit","first-page":"8260","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency\/ insufficiency is associated with risk of osteoporotic thoracolumbar junction vertebral fractures","volume":"25","author":"Zhang L","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang L, Chun C, Yang Y, et al. Vitamin D deficiency\/ insufficiency is associated with risk of osteoporotic thoracolumbar junction vertebral fractures. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:8260-8268. doi:10.12659\/MSM.915780"},{"issue":"6","key":"b24","series-title":"BMJ Case Rep","article-title":"Extreme hypercalcaemia caused by immobilisation due to acute spinal cord injury","volume":"14","author":"Tettero JM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tettero JM, van Eeghen E, Kooter AJ. Extreme hypercalcaemia caused by immobilisation due to acute spinal cord injury. BMJ Case Rep. 2021; 14(6):e241386. doi:10.1136\/bcr-2020-241386"},{"issue":"2","key":"b25","series-title":"J Funct Morphol Kinesiol","first-page":"55","article-title":"Role of physical activity in bone\u2013muscle crosstalk: Biological aspects and clinical implications","volume":"6","author":"Cariati I","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cariati I, Bonanni R, Onorato F, Mastrogregori A, Rossi D, Iundusi R, et al. Role of physical activity in bone\u2013muscle crosstalk: Biological aspects and clinical implications. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2021;6(2):55."},{"issue":"5","key":"b26","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"489","article-title":"Bone loss and muscle atrophy in spinal cord injury: Epidemiology, fracture prediction, and rehabilitation strategies","volume":"29","author":"Giangregorio L","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giangregorio L, McCartney N. Bone loss and muscle atrophy in spinal cord injury: Epidemiology, fracture prediction, and rehabilitation strategies. J Spinal Cord Med. 2006;29(5):489-500. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2006.11753898"},{"issue":"1","key":"b27","series-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am","first-page":"163","article-title":"Musculoskeletal complications of neuromuscular disease in children","volume":"19","author":"Driscoll SW","year":"2008","unstructured":"Driscoll SW, Skinner J. Musculoskeletal complications of neuromuscular disease in children. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008;19(1):163-viii. doi:10.1016\/j.pmr.2007.10.003"},{"issue":"6","key":"b28","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"405","article-title":"Factors associated with contractures in acute spinal cord injury","volume":"36","author":"Dalyan M","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dalyan M, Sherman A, Cardenas DD. Factors associated with contractures in acute spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 1998;36(6):405-408. doi:10.1038\/sj.sc.3100620"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM)","author":"National Centre for Classification in Health","year":"2000","unstructured":"National Centre for Classification in Health. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM). 2nd ed. Sydney, Australia: National Centre for Classification in Health; 2000."},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"84","article-title":"Use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in pediatric patients","volume":"104","author":"Wasserman H","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wasserman H, O\u2019Donnell JM, Gordon CM. Use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in pediatric patients. Bone. 2017;104:84-90. doi:10.1016\/j.bone.2016.12.008"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Operative Neuromodulation. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement","article-title":"FES cycling","volume":"97\/1","author":"Newham DJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Newham DJ, de N Donaldson N. FES cycling. In: Sakas, DE, Simpson, BA, Krames, ES, eds., Operative Neuromodulation. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 97\/1. Vienna: Springer; 2007. doi:10.1007\/978-3-211-33079-1_52"},{"issue":"5","key":"b32","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale","volume":"475","author":"Roberts TT","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roberts TT, Leonard GR, Cepela DJ. Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017;475(5):1499-1504. doi:10.1007\/s11999-016-5133-4"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Front Pediatr","first-page":"147","article-title":"review of the literature on current changes in the timing of pubertal development and the incomplete forms of early puberty","volume":"7","author":"Farello G","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farello G, Altieri C, Cutini M, Pozzobon G, Verrotti A. review of the literature on current changes in the timing of pubertal development and the incomplete forms of early puberty. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:147. doi:10.3389\/fped.2019.00147"},{"issue":"1","key":"b34","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"84","article-title":"Thelarche, pubarche, and menarche attainment in children with normal and elevated body mass index","volume":"123","author":"Rosenfield RL","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rosenfield RL, Lipton RB, Drum ML. Thelarche, pubarche, and menarche attainment in children with normal and elevated body mass index. Pediatrics. 2009;123(1):84-88. doi:10.1542\/peds.2008-0146. Erratum in: Pediatrics. 2009;123(4):1255."},{"issue":"6","key":"b35","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"711","article-title":"Scoliosis in paediatric onset spinal cord injuries","volume":"58","author":"Kulshrestha R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kulshrestha R, Kuiper JH, Masri WE, et al. Scoliosis in paediatric onset spinal cord injuries. Spinal Cord. 2020;58(6):711-715. doi:10.1038\/s41393-020-0418-6"},{"issue":"14","key":"b36","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"E878","article-title":"A retrospective case series of pediatric spinal cord injury and disease in Victoria, Australia","volume":"38","author":"Galvin J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Galvin J, Scheinberg A, New PW. A retrospective case series of pediatric spinal cord injury and disease in Victoria, Australia. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013;38(14):E878-E882. doi:10.1097\/BRS.0b013e-318294e839"},{"issue":"2","key":"b37","series-title":"Pediatr Int","first-page":"254","article-title":"Characteristics of pediatric-onset spinal cord injury","volume":"51","author":"Lee JH","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee JH, Sung IY, Kang JY, Park SR. Characteristics of pediatric-onset spinal cord injury. Pediatr Int. 2009;51(2):254-257. doi:10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2008.02684.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"b38","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"183","article-title":"Global mapping for the epidemiology of paediatric spinal cord damage: Towards a living data repository","volume":"57","author":"New PW","year":"2019","unstructured":"New PW, Lee BB, Cripps R, Vogel LC, Scheinberg A, Waugh MC. Global mapping for the epidemiology of paediatric spinal cord damage: Towards a living data repository. Spinal Cord. 2019;57(3):183-197. doi:10.1038\/s41393-018-0209-5"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep","first-page":"158","article-title":"Pediatric spinal cord injury","volume":"2","author":"Osorio M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Osorio M, Reyes MR, Massagli TL. Pediatric spinal cord injury. Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2014;2:158-168. doi:10.1007\/s40141-014-0054-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"b40","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"510","article-title":"Ambulation in children and adolescents with spinal cord injuries","volume":"15","author":"Vogel LC","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Lubicky JP. Ambulation in children and adolescents with spinal cord injuries. J Pediatr Orthop. 1995;15(4):510-516. doi:10.1097\/01241398-199507000-00020"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"S158","article-title":"Ambulation in children and youth with spinal cord injuries","volume":"30","author":"Vogel LC","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Mendoza MM, Schottler JC, Chlan KM, Anderson CJ. Ambulation in children and youth with spinal cord injuries. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30(Suppl 1):S158-64. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2007.11754595"},{"issue":"3","key":"b42","series-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am","first-page":"675","article-title":"Prevention and management of limb contractures in neuromuscular diseases","volume":"23","author":"Skalsky AJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Skalsky AJ, McDonald CM. Prevention and management of limb contractures in neuromuscular diseases. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2012;23(3):675-87. doi:10.1016\/j.pmr.2012.06.009"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"41","article-title":"Immobilization hypercalcemia following spinal cord injury","volume":"67","author":"Maynard FM","year":"1986","unstructured":"Maynard FM. Immobilization hypercalcemia following spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1986; 67:41-44."},{"issue":"4","key":"b44","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"208","article-title":"Osteoporosis and risk of fracture in men with spinal cord injury","volume":"39","author":"Lazo MG","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lazo MG, Shirazi P, Sam M, Giobbie-Hurder A, Blacconiere MJ, Muppidi M. Osteoporosis and risk of fracture in men with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2001;39(4):208-214. doi:10.1038\/sj.sc.3101139"},{"issue":"1","key":"b45","series-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab","first-page":"34","article-title":"Factors affecting bone mineral density in children and adolescents with secondary osteoporosis","volume":"28","author":"Jang MJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jang MJ, Shin C, Kim S, Lee JW, Chung NG, Cho B, Jung MH, Suh BK, Ahn MB. Factors affecting bone mineral density in children and adolescents with secondary osteoporosis. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2023;28(1):34-41. doi:10.6065\/apem.2244026.013"},{"issue":"3","key":"b46","series-title":"Pediatr Res","first-page":"396","article-title":"Do bone mineral content and density determine fracture in children? A possible threshold for physical activity","volume":"82","author":"Martins A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martins A, Monjardino T, Nogueira L, Canh\u00e3o H, Lucas R. Do bone mineral content and density determine fracture in children? A possible threshold for physical activity. Pediatr Res. 2017;82(3):396-404. doi:10.1038\/pr.2017.113"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"1","article-title":"Establishing an Australian pediatric spinal cord disorder register using consumer, health professional, and researcher perspectives","author":"Ellis J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ellis J, Garner E, Webster KE, Darzins S, Galea MP, Scheinberg A. Establishing an Australian pediatric spinal cord disorder register using consumer, health professional, and researcher perspectives. J Spinal Cord Med. 2022:1-9. doi:10.1080\/10790268.2022.2115513"}],"container-title":["Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/tscir.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/tscr\/31\/4\/article-p101.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/tscir\/article-pdf\/31\/4\/101\/3546008\/i1945-5763-31-4-101.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/tscir.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tscr\/31\/4\/article-p101.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/tscir.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tscr\/31\/4\/article-p101.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T15:50:46Z","timestamp":1775145046000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tscir.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/tscr\/31\/4\/article-p101.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46292\/sci24-00033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1082-0744","1945-5763"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1082-0744","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-5763","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}}}