{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T02:48:18Z","timestamp":1776826098284,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Spinal Injury Association","issue":"Supplement1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify demographic and medical factors associated with changing bladder management method and document the reason for changing bladder management method among adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cohort study included 20 Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems (SCIMS) centers. Participants were individuals injured between 1972 and 2019 who completed 2 consecutive assessments of bladder management method within 5 years and identified the reason for changing bladder management method at the second assessment. Main outcome measures were change in bladder management method since first assessment (changed\/not changed) and, if change occurred, reason for changing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 10,769 persons included in the analysis, 10.6% reported change in bladder management at the second assessment. After adjusting for covariates, higher odds of changing bladder management was observed among people who completed first assessment at discharge from initial rehabilitation and those who (a) used nonvolitional voiding for bladder management, (b) were older than 44 years of age, (c) had less than high school education, and (d) resided in a hospital or nursing home. The most reported reason for changing bladder management was medical-related factors (48.2%), followed by functional improvement (28.5%) and personal factors (19.6%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Understanding the patterns and predictors of bladder management transitions can help clinicians anticipate potential changes, provide proactive education and support, and implement strategies to minimize secondary complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.46292\/sci25-00121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T02:17:19Z","timestamp":1776824239000},"page":"208-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors Contributing to Transition of Bladder Management Method Following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.46292","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Rachel E.","family":"Cowan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher S.","family":"Elliot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huacong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Twist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"DeVivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"25425","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Int J Rehabil Res.","first-page":"55","article-title":"Incidence of secondary complications in spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Anson CA","year":"1996","unstructured":"Anson CA, Shepherd C. Incidence of secondary complications in spinal cord injury. Int J Rehabil Res. 1996;19(1):55-66. doi:10.1097\/00004356-199603000-00006."},{"issue":"10","key":"b2","series-title":"World J Urol","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury","volume":"36","author":"Hamid R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamid R, Averbeck MA, Chiang H, et al. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury. World J Urol. 2018;36(10):1517-1527. doi:10.1007\/s00345-018-2301-z."},{"issue":"11","key":"b3","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"1402","article-title":"Long-term medical complications after traumatic spinal cord injury: A regional model systems analysis","volume":"80","author":"McKinley WO","year":"1999","unstructured":"McKinley WO, Jackson AB, Cardenas DD, De Vivo MJ. Long-term medical complications after traumatic spinal cord injury: A regional model systems analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80(11):1402-1410. doi:10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90251-4."},{"issue":"12","key":"b4","series-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"916","article-title":"Bladder management and quality of life after spinal cord injury","volume":"80","author":"Hicken BL","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hicken BL, Putzke JD, Richards JS. Bladder management and quality of life after spinal cord injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80(12):916-922. doi:10.1097\/00002060-200112000-00008."},{"issue":"4","key":"b5","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"319","article-title":"The relationship between bladder management and health-related quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury in the UK","volume":"48","author":"Liu CW","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu CW, Attar KH, Gall A, Shah J, Craggs M. The relationship between bladder management and health-related quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury in the UK. Spinal Cord. 2010;48(4):319-324. doi:10.1038\/sc.2009.132."},{"issue":"3","key":"b6","series-title":"Neurourol Urodyn.","first-page":"395","article-title":"Epidemiology and healthcare utilization of neurogenic bladder patients in a us claims database","volume":"30","author":"Manack A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Manack A, Motsko SP, Haag-Molkenteller C, et al. Epidemiology and healthcare utilization of neurogenic bladder patients in a us claims database. Neurourol Urodyn. 2011;30(3):395-401. doi:10.1002\/nau.21003"},{"issue":"8","key":"b7","series-title":"BJU Int","first-page":"989","article-title":"A proposed guideline for the urological management of patients with spinal cord injury","volume":"101","author":"Abrams P","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abrams P, Agarwal M, Drake M, et al. A proposed guideline for the urological management of patients with spinal cord injury. BJU Int. 2008;101(8):989-994. doi:10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07457.x."},{"issue":"3","key":"b8","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"458","article-title":"Clean, intermittent self-catheterization in the treatment of urinary tract disease","volume":"107","author":"Lapides J","year":"1972","unstructured":"Lapides J, Diokno AC, Silber SJ, Lowe BS. Clean, intermittent self-catheterization in the treatment of urinary tract disease. J Urol. 1972;107(3):458-461. doi:10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)61055-3."},{"issue":"1","key":"b9","series-title":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","first-page":"25","article-title":"Bladder management and urological complications in patients with chronic spinal cord injuries in Taiwan","volume":"26","author":"Chen SF","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen SF, Jiang YH, Jhang JF, Lee CL, Kuo HC. Bladder management and urological complications in patients with chronic spinal cord injuries in Taiwan. Tzu Chi Medical Journal. 2014;26(1):25-28. doi:10.1016\/j.tcmj.2013.09.010."},{"issue":"12","key":"b10","series-title":"Spinal Cord.","first-page":"762","article-title":"Compliance with bladder management in spinal cord injury patients","volume":"38","author":"Yavuzer G","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yavuzer G, G\u00f6k H, Tuncer S, Soyg\u00fcr T, Arikan N, Arasil T. Compliance with bladder management in spinal cord injury patients. Spinal Cord. 2000;38(12):762-765. doi:10.1038\/sj.sc.3101059."},{"issue":"8","key":"b11","series-title":"J Material Sci Material Med.","first-page":"1825","article-title":"A scoping review of important urinary catheter induced complications","volume":"24","author":"Dellimore KH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dellimore KH, Helyer AR, Franklin SE. A scoping review of important urinary catheter induced complications. J Material Sci Material Med. 2013;24(8):1825-1835."},{"issue":"1","key":"b12","series-title":"J Urol.","first-page":"213","article-title":"Bladder management after spinal cord injury in the United States 1972 to 2005","volume":"184","author":"Cameron AP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cameron AP, Wallner LP, Tate DG, Sarma AV, Rodriguez GM, Clemens JQ. Bladder management after spinal cord injury in the United States 1972 to 2005. J Urol. 2010;184(1):213-217. doi:10.1016\/j.juro.2010.03.008."},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"449","article-title":"Medical and psychosocial complications associated with method of bladder management after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"92","author":"Cameron AP","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cameron AP, Wallner LP, Forchheimer MB, et al. Medical and psychosocial complications associated with method of bladder management after traumatic spinal cord injury. 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Compliance with clean intermittent catheterization in spinal cord injury patients: A long-term follow-up study. Spinal Cord. 2013;51(8):645-649. doi:10.1038\/sc.2013.46."},{"issue":"1","key":"b16","series-title":"Neurourol Urodyn.","first-page":"360","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of the catheter management of neurogenic bladder after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"37","author":"Lane GI","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lane GI, Driscoll A, Tawfik K, Chrouser K. A cross-sectional study of the catheter management of neurogenic bladder after traumatic spinal cord injury. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(1):360-367. doi:10.1002\/nau.23306."},{"issue":"1","key":"b17","series-title":"Neurourol Urodyn","first-page":"211","article-title":"Reasons for cessation of clean intermittent catheterization after spinal cord injury: Results from the Neurogenic Bladder Research Group Spinal Cord Injury Registry","volume":"39","author":"Patel DP","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patel DP, Herrick JS, Stoffel JT, et al. Reasons for cessation of clean intermittent catheterization after spinal cord injury: Results from the Neurogenic Bladder Research Group Spinal Cord Injury Registry. Neurourol Urodyn. 2020;39(1):211-219. doi:10.1002\/nau.24172."},{"issue":"10","key":"b18","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"1797","article-title":"Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems: Review of Program and national database from 1970 to 2015","volume":"97","author":"Chen Y","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen Y, DeVivo MJ, Richards JS, SanAgustin TB. Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems: Review of Program and national database from 1970 to 2015. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016;97(10):1797-1804. doi:10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.02.027."},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"596","article-title":"Standardization of data analysis and reporting of results from the International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set","volume":"49","author":"DeVivo MJ","year":"2011","unstructured":"DeVivo MJ, Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, New P, Chen Y. Standardization of data analysis and reporting of results from the International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set. Spinal Cord. 2011;49(5):596-599. doi:10.1038\/sc.2010.172."},{"issue":"6","key":"b20","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"535","article-title":"International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2011)","volume":"34","author":"Kirshblum SC","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kirshblum SC, Burns SP, Biering-Sorensen F, et al. International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2011). J Spinal Cord Med. 2011;34(6):535-546. doi:10.1179\/204577211X13207446293695."},{"issue":"9","key":"b21","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"753","article-title":"Natural history of neurological improvement following complete (AIS A) thoracic spinal cord injury across three registries to guide acute clinical trial design and interpretation","volume":"57","author":"Aimetti AA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aimetti AA, Kirshblum S, Curt A, Mobley J, Grossman RG, Guest JD. Natural history of neurological improvement following complete (AIS A) thoracic spinal cord injury across three registries to guide acute clinical trial design and interpretation. Spinal Cord. 2019;57(9):753-762. doi:10.1038\/s41393-019-0299-8."},{"issue":"1","key":"b22","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"67","article-title":"Neurological and functional recovery after thoracic spinal cord injury","volume":"39","author":"Lee BA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee BA, Leiby BE, Marino RJ. Neurological and functional recovery after thoracic spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2016;39(1):67-76. doi:10.1179\/2045772314Y.0000000280."},{"issue":"2","key":"b23","series-title":"J Hosp Infect","first-page":"219","article-title":"Indwelling urethral versus suprapubic catheters in nursing home residents: Determining the safest option for long-term use","volume":"102","author":"Gibson KE","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gibson KE, Neill S, Tuma E, Meddings J, Mody L. Indwelling urethral versus suprapubic catheters in nursing home residents: Determining the safest option for long-term use. J Hosp Infect. 2019;102(2):219-225. doi:10.1016\/j.jhin.2018.07.027."},{"issue":"4","key":"b24","series-title":"Spinal Cord.","first-page":"325","article-title":"Urethral versus suprapubic catheter: choosing the best bladder management for male spinal cord injury patients with indwelling catheters","volume":"48","author":"Katsumi HK","year":"2010","unstructured":"Katsumi HK, Kalisvaart JF, Ronningen LD, Hovey RM. Urethral versus suprapubic catheter: choosing the best bladder management for male spinal cord injury patients with indwelling catheters. Spinal Cord. 2010;48(4):325-329. doi:10.1038\/sc.2009.134."},{"issue":"4","key":"b25","series-title":"Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep","first-page":"305","article-title":"Quality of life and the neurogenic bladder: Does bladder management technique matter?","volume":"12","author":"Welk B","year":"2017","unstructured":"Welk B. Quality of life and the neurogenic bladder: Does bladder management technique matter? Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep. 2017;12(4):305-310. doi:10.1007\/s11884-017-0443-2."},{"issue":"3","key":"b26","series-title":"Neurourol Urodyn.","first-page":"1106","article-title":"Predictors of long-term bladder management in spinal cord injury patients\u2014Upper extremity function may matter most","volume":"37","author":"Zlatev DV","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zlatev DV, Shem K, Elliott CS. Predictors of long-term bladder management in spinal cord injury patients\u2014Upper extremity function may matter most. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(3):1106-1112. doi:10.1002\/nau.23430."},{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Int J Rehabil Res.","first-page":"55","article-title":"Incidence of secondary complications in spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Anson CA","year":"1996","unstructured":"Anson CA, Shepherd C. Incidence of secondary complications in spinal cord injury. Int J Rehabil Res. 1996;19(1):55-66. doi:10.1097\/00004356-199603000-00006."},{"issue":"10","key":"b2","series-title":"World J Urol","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury","volume":"36","author":"Hamid R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamid R, Averbeck MA, Chiang H, et al. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury. World J Urol. 2018;36(10):1517-1527. doi:10.1007\/s00345-018-2301-z."},{"issue":"11","key":"b3","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"1402","article-title":"Long-term medical complications after traumatic spinal cord injury: A regional model systems analysis","volume":"80","author":"McKinley WO","year":"1999","unstructured":"McKinley WO, Jackson AB, Cardenas DD, De Vivo MJ. Long-term medical complications after traumatic spinal cord injury: A regional model systems analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80(11):1402-1410. doi:10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90251-4."},{"issue":"12","key":"b4","series-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"916","article-title":"Bladder management and quality of life after spinal cord injury","volume":"80","author":"Hicken BL","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hicken BL, Putzke JD, Richards JS. Bladder management and quality of life after spinal cord injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80(12):916-922. doi:10.1097\/00002060-200112000-00008."},{"issue":"4","key":"b5","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"319","article-title":"The relationship between bladder management and health-related quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury in the UK","volume":"48","author":"Liu CW","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu CW, Attar KH, Gall A, Shah J, Craggs M. The relationship between bladder management and health-related quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury in the UK. Spinal Cord. 2010;48(4):319-324. doi:10.1038\/sc.2009.132."},{"issue":"3","key":"b6","series-title":"Neurourol Urodyn.","first-page":"395","article-title":"Epidemiology and healthcare utilization of neurogenic bladder patients in a us claims database","volume":"30","author":"Manack A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Manack A, Motsko SP, Haag-Molkenteller C, et al. Epidemiology and healthcare utilization of neurogenic bladder patients in a us claims database. Neurourol Urodyn. 2011;30(3):395-401. doi:10.1002\/nau.21003"},{"issue":"8","key":"b7","series-title":"BJU Int","first-page":"989","article-title":"A proposed guideline for the urological management of patients with spinal cord injury","volume":"101","author":"Abrams P","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abrams P, Agarwal M, Drake M, et al. A proposed guideline for the urological management of patients with spinal cord injury. BJU Int. 2008;101(8):989-994. doi:10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07457.x."},{"issue":"3","key":"b8","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"458","article-title":"Clean, intermittent self-catheterization in the treatment of urinary tract disease","volume":"107","author":"Lapides J","year":"1972","unstructured":"Lapides J, Diokno AC, Silber SJ, Lowe BS. Clean, intermittent self-catheterization in the treatment of urinary tract disease. J Urol. 1972;107(3):458-461. doi:10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)61055-3."},{"issue":"1","key":"b9","series-title":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","first-page":"25","article-title":"Bladder management and urological complications in patients with chronic spinal cord injuries in Taiwan","volume":"26","author":"Chen SF","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen SF, Jiang YH, Jhang JF, Lee CL, Kuo HC. Bladder management and urological complications in patients with chronic spinal cord injuries in Taiwan. Tzu Chi Medical Journal. 2014;26(1):25-28. doi:10.1016\/j.tcmj.2013.09.010."},{"issue":"12","key":"b10","series-title":"Spinal Cord.","first-page":"762","article-title":"Compliance with bladder management in spinal cord injury patients","volume":"38","author":"Yavuzer G","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yavuzer G, G\u00f6k H, Tuncer S, Soyg\u00fcr T, Arikan N, Arasil T. Compliance with bladder management in spinal cord injury patients. Spinal Cord. 2000;38(12):762-765. doi:10.1038\/sj.sc.3101059."},{"issue":"8","key":"b11","series-title":"J Material Sci Material Med.","first-page":"1825","article-title":"A scoping review of important urinary catheter induced complications","volume":"24","author":"Dellimore KH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dellimore KH, Helyer AR, Franklin SE. A scoping review of important urinary catheter induced complications. J Material Sci Material Med. 2013;24(8):1825-1835."},{"issue":"1","key":"b12","series-title":"J Urol.","first-page":"213","article-title":"Bladder management after spinal cord injury in the United States 1972 to 2005","volume":"184","author":"Cameron AP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cameron AP, Wallner LP, Tate DG, Sarma AV, Rodriguez GM, Clemens JQ. Bladder management after spinal cord injury in the United States 1972 to 2005. J Urol. 2010;184(1):213-217. doi:10.1016\/j.juro.2010.03.008."},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"449","article-title":"Medical and psychosocial complications associated with method of bladder management after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"92","author":"Cameron AP","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cameron AP, Wallner LP, Forchheimer MB, et al. Medical and psychosocial complications associated with method of bladder management after traumatic spinal cord injury. 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Compliance with clean intermittent catheterization in spinal cord injury patients: A long-term follow-up study. Spinal Cord. 2013;51(8):645-649. doi:10.1038\/sc.2013.46."},{"issue":"1","key":"b16","series-title":"Neurourol Urodyn.","first-page":"360","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of the catheter management of neurogenic bladder after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"37","author":"Lane GI","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lane GI, Driscoll A, Tawfik K, Chrouser K. A cross-sectional study of the catheter management of neurogenic bladder after traumatic spinal cord injury. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(1):360-367. doi:10.1002\/nau.23306."},{"issue":"1","key":"b17","series-title":"Neurourol Urodyn","first-page":"211","article-title":"Reasons for cessation of clean intermittent catheterization after spinal cord injury: Results from the Neurogenic Bladder Research Group Spinal Cord Injury Registry","volume":"39","author":"Patel DP","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patel DP, Herrick JS, Stoffel JT, et al. Reasons for cessation of clean intermittent catheterization after spinal cord injury: Results from the Neurogenic Bladder Research Group Spinal Cord Injury Registry. Neurourol Urodyn. 2020;39(1):211-219. doi:10.1002\/nau.24172."},{"issue":"10","key":"b18","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"1797","article-title":"Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems: Review of Program and national database from 1970 to 2015","volume":"97","author":"Chen Y","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen Y, DeVivo MJ, Richards JS, SanAgustin TB. Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems: Review of Program and national database from 1970 to 2015. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016;97(10):1797-1804. doi:10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.02.027."},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"596","article-title":"Standardization of data analysis and reporting of results from the International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set","volume":"49","author":"DeVivo MJ","year":"2011","unstructured":"DeVivo MJ, Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, New P, Chen Y. Standardization of data analysis and reporting of results from the International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set. Spinal Cord. 2011;49(5):596-599. doi:10.1038\/sc.2010.172."},{"issue":"6","key":"b20","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"535","article-title":"International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2011)","volume":"34","author":"Kirshblum SC","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kirshblum SC, Burns SP, Biering-Sorensen F, et al. International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2011). J Spinal Cord Med. 2011;34(6):535-546. doi:10.1179\/204577211X13207446293695."},{"issue":"9","key":"b21","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"753","article-title":"Natural history of neurological improvement following complete (AIS A) thoracic spinal cord injury across three registries to guide acute clinical trial design and interpretation","volume":"57","author":"Aimetti AA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aimetti AA, Kirshblum S, Curt A, Mobley J, Grossman RG, Guest JD. Natural history of neurological improvement following complete (AIS A) thoracic spinal cord injury across three registries to guide acute clinical trial design and interpretation. Spinal Cord. 2019;57(9):753-762. doi:10.1038\/s41393-019-0299-8."},{"issue":"1","key":"b22","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"67","article-title":"Neurological and functional recovery after thoracic spinal cord injury","volume":"39","author":"Lee BA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee BA, Leiby BE, Marino RJ. Neurological and functional recovery after thoracic spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2016;39(1):67-76. doi:10.1179\/2045772314Y.0000000280."},{"issue":"2","key":"b23","series-title":"J Hosp Infect","first-page":"219","article-title":"Indwelling urethral versus suprapubic catheters in nursing home residents: Determining the safest option for long-term use","volume":"102","author":"Gibson KE","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gibson KE, Neill S, Tuma E, Meddings J, Mody L. Indwelling urethral versus suprapubic catheters in nursing home residents: Determining the safest option for long-term use. 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