{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T02:48:15Z","timestamp":1776826095471,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Spinal Injury Association","issue":"Supplement1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) increases risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This condition often co-occurs with pain, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance, reducing quality of life. Despite the clinical impact of these symptoms, early evidence-based psychological interventions have rarely been evaluated during inpatient rehabilitation. Brief Prolonged Exposure (Brief PE) is a 3-session adaptation of Prolonged Exposure designed to prevent or reduce PTSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 154, mean age = 50 years, range 18-87; 65% male) with traumatic or nontraumatic SCI were enrolled at a rehabilitation hospital; 148 were randomized to Brief PE (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 75) or treatment as usual (TAU;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 73). Brief PE participants received 3 60-minute sessions during their inpatient stay while TAU participants received standard psychosocial care. The primary outcome was PTSD symptom severity (PSSI-5) at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. Secondary outcomes included PTSD diagnosis\/severity (PSSI-5\/PDS-5), pain (NRS-11), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), sleep disturbance (PROMIS-SD), resilience (CD-RISC-10), and quality of life (SCI-QOL).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PTSD symptoms declined significantly in both groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .003), with no Group \u00d7 Time effect (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .33). History of premorbid depression predicted higher PTSD severity (IRR = 1.84,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .002). At 6 months, PTSD prevalence was lower in Brief PE (5.9%) versus TAU (9.3%), though nonsignificant. Significant Group \u00d7 Time effects for average and usual pain (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .032;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .036) favored Brief PE, with 27% and 33% reductions versus 0% and 5% for TAU. Among Brief PE participants, 96% completed all sessions, with high satisfaction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brief PE was feasible, acceptable, and produced greater pain reduction than TAU. PTSD symptoms were also lower, though not significantly, suggesting promise for early psychological intervention after SCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.46292\/sci25-00124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T02:17:19Z","timestamp":1776824239000},"page":"162-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brief Prolonged Exposure Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress After Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.46292","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Mark B.","family":"Powers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan E.","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirstie","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexis K.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Librada","family":"Callender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Institute for Rehabilitation, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christa","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Institute for Rehabilitation, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Bird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Driver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Institute for Rehabilitation, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Institute for Rehabilitation, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Sikka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Institute for Rehabilitation, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chad","family":"Swank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Institute for Rehabilitation, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory V.","family":"Chauvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niroj","family":"Ari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara O.","family":"Rothbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Rostockyj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann Marie","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"25425","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"b1","series-title":"Spinal Cord.","first-page":"108","article-title":"Psychological morbidity and spinal cord injury: A systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Craig A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Craig A, Tran Y, Middleton J. 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