{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T09:52:35Z","timestamp":1791453155765,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Spinal Injury Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) determine community participation and independence after spinal cord injury (SCI) but are seldom measured with culturally relevant, SCI-specific instruments in India.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To develop the Spinal Cord Injury Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Measure (SCI-IADLM) for adults with SCI in India and to examine its preliminary content validity, internal consistency, and reliability.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This methodological instrument development study was conducted at the Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi. Item generation combined a focused literature review and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 15). A 3-round content validation using Lawshe's method was conducted with 17 panellists (9 clinicians, 8 individuals with SCI). The final 33-item instrument was pilot-tested in 30 purposively sampled adults with SCI. Internal consistency (Cronbach's \u03b1), inter-item correlations, and \u201c\u03b1 if item deleted\u201d analyses were performed. Scale-level content validity index (CVI) was computed. Reliability was calculated by item analysis and test-retest reliability.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The SCI-IADLM comprises 33 items across 12 domains including household management, community mobility, communication, financial management, and health management. All retained items exceeded the Lawshe content validity ratio (CVR) threshold for\n N<\/jats:italic>\n = 17 (CVR \u2265 0.529); scale-level CVI = 1.00. Pilot testing (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 30) yielded Cronbach's \u03b1 = 0.857. Inter-item correlations ranged from \u22120.426 to 0.852. Deletion of items 4 (care of pets) or 24 (educational participation) would minimally increase \u03b1 to 0.865; these items were retained for theoretical importance. Participant feedback indicated clarity and acceptability. Test-retest reliability analysis demonstrated high preliminary stability, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 1.00 (95% confidence interval: lower bound 0.99, upper bound 1.00) in the pilot sample.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The SCI-IADLM demonstrates strong preliminary content validity and good internal consistency in a pilot sample of adults with SCI in India. Further large-scale multisite psychometric validation (test-retest reliability, factor structure\/Rasch analysis, responsiveness, and cross-linguistic adaptation) is necessary.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.46292\/sci25-00139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T09:23:35Z","timestamp":1791451415000},"page":"98-108","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development, Validity, and Reliability of the Spinal Cord Injury Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Measure (SCI-IADLM)"],"prefix":"10.46292","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Twinkle","family":"Luthra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi"},{"name":"Cambridge Rehabilitation Unit, Brookfields Hospital, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishmeet","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi"},{"name":"Cambridge Rehabilitation Unit, Brookfields Hospital, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lipika","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"25425","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Occup Ther Int","first-page":"15","article-title":"The effectiveness of spinal cord injury ADL inpatient education on rehabilitation outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"Abu Mostafa M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abu Mostafa M, Plastow NA, Savin-Baden M. 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