{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T08:31:31Z","timestamp":1769157091326,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Archives of Rheumatology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study aimed to review and describe isolated sixth cranial nerve or abducens nerve palsy that may present with subtle ophthalmoplegia in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA).\r\nMaterials and methods: In this systematic review following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Extension for Scoping Reviews, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for all peer-reviewed articles using the keywords \u201ccranial nerve six,\u201d \u201cabducens nerve,\u201d and \u201cgiant cell arteritis\u201d from their inception to December 22, 2022.\r\nResults: Twenty-five articles, including seven observational studies and 18 cases, were included. While the incidence and prevalence of sixth nerve palsy in GCA were variable, up to 48% of diplopia in GCA were attributed to the sixth cranial nerve palsy, according to the observational studies included. While 88.2% had a resolution of symptoms with 40-50 mg\/day of prednisone-equivalent corticosteroids, it took a median of 24.5 days until the resolution of symptoms from the initiation of treatment.\r\nConclusion: This review summarizes the current understanding of the characteristics of sixth nerve palsy in GCA. While most patients may have reversible clinical courses, a few can suffer from persistent ophthalmoplegia, which is a potentially missed yet crucial clinical finding in GCA. Increased awareness of the sixth nerve palsy in GCA is crucial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.46497\/archrheumatol.2024.10528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T07:33:43Z","timestamp":1724830423000},"page":"479-487","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sixth cranial nerve palsy in giant cell arteritis: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"39","author":[{"family":"Haruki Sawada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Yoshito Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Hiromichi Tamaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soriano A, Muratore F, Pipitone N, Boiardi L, Cimino L, Salvarani C. 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