{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:39:19Z","timestamp":1791851959492,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAABRON PRESS","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694131200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare, aggressive subtype of multiple myeloma (MM) with a poor prognosis. Prior studies have shown that racial disparities affect MM patients in various ways, which may affect patients\u2019 outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate racial differences in hospitalization outcomes for PCL using Nationwide Inpatient Sample data. Overall, hospitalization rates for PCL tended to decrease over the past decade. Among hospitalized patients with a primary diagnosis of PCL, there was no statistically significant association between race\/ethnicity and hospitalization rates, between NH-White patients and NH-Black patients (OR 1.94; 95%CI 0.3-3.54, p 0.95), and Hispanic patients (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.05-4.23, p 0.5). Additionally, there was no significant association between race\/ethnicity and inpatient mortality. The overall lower incidence of PCL, more significant disease burden, and poor prognosis across all groups may contribute to our findings. With increasing evidence that PCL is cytogenetically distinct from MM, more investigation into biological and sociodemographic factors that affect healthcare utilization and treatment outcomes should be carried out.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.46989\/001c.87755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T15:27:03Z","timestamp":1694618823000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Racial Disparities in Plasma Cell Leukemia Outcomes Among Hospitalized Patients in the United States"],"prefix":"10.46989","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Cindy","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepa","family":"Dongarwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Al Hadidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"26435","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"15_suppl","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20015","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e20015","article-title":"Trends of hospitalization for multiple myeloma patients: insights from the national inpatient sample database.","volume":"36","author":"Anusha Vakiti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0732-183X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31718","article-title":"Survival outcomes of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) treated with novel agents","volume":"125","author":"Roberto Mina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0008-543X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"29","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29578","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000029578","article-title":"Causes of death in primary plasma cell leukemia differ from multiple myeloma: A STROBE-compliant descriptive study based on SEER database","volume":"101","author":"Xiaoyan Ge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1536-5964","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-03-565051","article-title":"Trends in survival of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia: a population-based analysis","volume":"124","author":"Wilson I. 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