{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T06:05:25Z","timestamp":1789538725062,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Societatea Romana de Morfologie","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rom J Morphol Embryol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Actinomycosis is an uncommon chronic bacterial infection that may present as an infiltrative mass mimicking malignancy. Abdominal wall involvement, particularly after abdominal surgery, is rare and may pose a considerable diagnostic challenge. Study selection: A focused narrative review of PubMed was conducted to identify reports of abdominal and abdominal wall actinomycosis, focusing on clinical presentation, predisposing factors, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Eleven relevant case reports were included in the comparative analysis. Case presentation: We report a 72-year-old woman with a history of left hemicolectomy for colorectal carcinoma who developed a progressively enlarging painful mass of the left abdominal wall. Computed tomography revealed an infiltrative soft tissue lesion extending toward adjacent retroperitoneal structures, raising suspicion for recurrent malignancy or soft tissue sarcoma. Surgical excision was performed. Histopathological (HP) examination revealed \u201csulfur granules\u201d with radiating filamentous structures and surrounding Splendore\u2013Hoeppli material within a dense suppurative inflammatory reaction, associated with granulation tissue and reactive fibrosis. These findings supported the diagnosis of abdominal wall actinomycosis. The patient received prolonged Penicillin-based antibiotic therapy, with a favorable outcome. Conclusions: Abdominal wall actinomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of infiltrative masses, particularly after abdominal surgery. HP examination and appropriate special stains are essential for distinguishing this rare infection from malignancy and other mimics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.47162\/rjme.67.2.01","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:08:14Z","timestamp":1789495694000},"page":"205-212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postoperative abdominal wall actinomycosis mimicking malignancy: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.47162","volume":"67","author":[{"name":"Doctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Ioan","family":"Mihalache","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren\u0163iu Augustus","family":"Barbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Surgery, Railway Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiberiu \u015etef\u0103ni\u0163\u0103","family":"\u0162enea-Cojan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Surgery, Railway Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolae Drago\u015f","family":"M\u0103rg\u0103ritescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Surgery, Emergency County Hospital, Craiova, Romania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stelian \u015etef\u0103ni\u0163\u0103","family":"Mogoant\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Surgery, Emergency County Hospital, Craiova, Romania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liviu","family":"Vasile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Surgery, Emergency County Hospital, Craiova, Romania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niculae","family":"Iordache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Surgery, Sf. Ioan Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"26736","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\"[1] Londo\u00f1o Barrientos M, Lopez Zapata CA, \u00c1lvarez Herrera L, Frusteri M, Delgado Lopez CA. Abdominal actinomycosis by Actinomyces shaaliae georgiae mimicking neoplasia. Colomb Med (Cali), 2025, 56(2):e5006672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25100\/cm.v56i2.6672","DOI":"10.25100\/cm.v56i2.6672"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[2] Baba H, Fassi Fihri J, Ramraoui ME, Elguazzar A, Zeroual A, Lahkim M, El Khader A, Achour A, El Barni R. When a rare simultaneous infection simulates a local extension of a rectal cancer: a case report. 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