{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]],"date-time":"2024-10-12T04:09:00Z","timestamp":1728706140290},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Medical Association","issue":"10 (Supple-08)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727481600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pak Med Assoc"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To determine the effects of vagal nerve stimulation on cognition and epilepsy-associated psychosocial problems in patients with intractable epilepsy, and to assess their relation to seizure decline.\r\nMethod: The longitudinal study was conducted at Saad Al-Witry Neurosciences Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from December 2015 to December 2020, and comprised refractory epilepsy cases with implanted vagal nerve stimulation devices. They were subjected to pre- and post-implantation epilepsy protocol assessment with added neuropsychological evaluation using the Mini-Mental State Examination system. Each case was followed up for 2 years post-implantation. Descriptive data regarding patient records of age, seizure nature, mental functioning level, and vagal nerve stimulation insertion was noted. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.\r\nResults: Of the 150 patients, 75(50%) each were males and females, with 70(46.7%) aged &lt;10 years at the time of surgery. Overall, 80(53.3%) patients had partial seizures with secondary generalisation, 70(46.7%) had refractory seizure attacks for &lt;5 years, 78(52%) had attack frequency of 2-5 per day. All 150(100%) patients had had vagal nerve stimulation for &gt;2 years. Post-intervention, 80(53.3%) patients had &lt;2 attacks per day. Mini-Mental State Examination score was &gt;25 in 35(23.3%) patients which post-intervention rose to 64(42.7%).\r\nConclusion: There was evidence of improvement with respect to patient characteristics predictive of vagal nerve stimulation-related cognition and neuropsychological responsiveness in refractory epilepsy.\r\nKey Words: Vagus Nerve, Cognition, Seizures<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.47391\/jpma-bagh-16-37","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T14:20:02Z","timestamp":1728397202000},"page":"S168-S171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The role of vagal nerve stimulation on psychosocial associated disorders in refractory epilepsy patients"],"prefix":"10.47391","volume":"74","author":[{"family":"Mohamed Abdul Jalil Al-Tamimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"26547","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"container-title":["Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/download\/21846\/3650","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/download\/21846\/3650","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T14:20:05Z","timestamp":1728656405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/view\/21846"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10 (Supple-08)","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47391\/jpma-bagh-16-37","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-9982","0030-9982"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"0030-9982"},{"type":"print","value":"0030-9982"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]}}}