{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:03:08Z","timestamp":1770746588365,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Medical Association","issue":"02","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pak Med Assoc"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To determine the effect of nose form on linear and angular lip position on pre-treatment cephalometric soft tissue analysis.\nMethod: The retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted at the orthodontic department of Foundation University College of Dentistry and Hospital in Islamabad, and comprised data from October to December 2023 of patients aged 18-25 years presenting with no prior history of orthodontic treatment and craniofacial anomalies and syndromes. Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms were manually traced by a single experienced investigator. The sample was divided into two horizontal groups, using point A-nasion-point B angle. Comparisons were made based on gender and sagittal groups, and the effect of nasal profiles was assessed. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.\nResults: Of the 131 patients, 96(73.2%) were females with mean age 22.70\u00b13.97 years, and 35(26.7%) were males with mean age 20.97\u00b13.21 years. There were 65(49.6%) subjects in sagittal Class I group, and 66(50.4%) in sagittal Class II group. A significant and inverse relationship was noted for columellar length with linear position of the upper and lower lips to E and S lines (p&lt;0.05).\u00a0 Inclination of the nasal base had the most effect on the naso-labial angle (p&lt;0.05).\nConclusion: Skeletal Class II had a prominent nose which created a relatively retrusive appearance of the upper and lower lips.\nKey Words: Cephalometry, Diagnosis, Nose, Aesthetics, Rhinoplasty.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.47391\/jpma.21759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T18:44:58Z","timestamp":1769798698000},"page":"220-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of the nose form on linear and angular lip position in Class II patients"],"prefix":"10.47391","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Tania Arshad","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9210-6432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rashna Hoshang","family":"Sukhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3561-3486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6550-7235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruhamaa","family":"Arshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4262-6173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassam Anjum","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Mansoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"26547","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"container-title":["Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/download\/21759\/4597","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/download\/21759\/4597","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T18:46:43Z","timestamp":1770576403000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/view\/21759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47391\/jpma.21759","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-9982","0030-9982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-9982","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0030-9982","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]}}}