{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T19:54:01Z","timestamp":1774986841458,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Medical Association","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pak Med Assoc"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To evaluate the correlation between various serum immunological biomarkers and small airway obstruction (SAO) in affected children, and their prognostic value.\nMethods: All study participants were recruited from Yulin Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University in Yulin City, spanning the period from February 2023 to March 2024. A cohort of 295 children diagnosed with asthma, categorized into two groups: asthma group (n=178) and asthma with allergic rhinitis group (n=117). Peripheral venous blood was collected from both groups to measure serum levels of TIgE, CRP, EOS and IL-6 using ELISA, standardized laboratory assays. All participants underwent pulmonary function testing, including FEV1, FVC, FEV1\/FVC ratio, and PEF measurements, performed in accordance with ATS\/ERS guidelines. Statistical analyses compared biomarker levels and lung function parameters between the groups, with significance set at p Less-Than 0.05.\nResults: A significant negative correlation was found between serum IL-6 levels and the SAO parameters MMEF25-75%pred and FEF%50pred (r=-0.564, p Less-Than 0.05; r=-0.521, p Less-Than 0.05) in the asthma with allergic rhinitis group. The cut-off values for IgE, CRP and IL-6 were 337.80 IU\/mL (AUC=0.816, 95%CI:0.749~0.894; sensitivity 64.31%, specificity 87.61%), 24.51mg\/L (AUC=0.848, 95%CI:0.779~0.922; sensitivity 75.73%, specificity 81.44%) and 38.75pg\/mL (AUC=0.748, 95%CI:0.661~0.826; sensitivity 62.95%, specificity 82.06%), respectively. In addition, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of the combined diagnosis of IgE, CRP, and IL-6 were 0.885,78.51%, and 89.26%, respectively.\nConclusion: All three biomarkers of TIgE, CRP, and IL-6 were found to be associated with SAO, the combination of these three biomarkers demonstrated high diagnostic power for identifying pediatric patients with both asthma and allergic rhinitis.\nKeywords: Asthma, Allergic rhinitis, IL-6, Small airway obstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.47391\/jpma.22745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T19:03:42Z","timestamp":1774897422000},"page":"535-540","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship between serum immunological biomarkers and small airway obstruction in patients with mild-to-moderate asthma and allergic rhinitis and their prognostic value"],"prefix":"10.47391","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cairong","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendong","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"26547","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"container-title":["Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/download\/22745\/4702","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/download\/22745\/4702","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T19:03:57Z","timestamp":1774983837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/view\/22745"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47391\/jpma.22745","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-9982","0030-9982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-9982","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0030-9982","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]}}}