{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T18:49:19Z","timestamp":1789325359839,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Medical Association","issue":"05","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681516800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pak Med Assoc"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To assess the efficacy of topical azithromycin drops versus oral doxycycline therapy in meibomian gland dysfunction.\nMethod: The prospective randomised trial was conducted from December 2019 to June 2020 at the Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex, Nowshera, Pakistan, and comprised patients of either gender aged 26-42 years having long-standing posterior blepharitis \/ meibomian gland dysfunction. The subjects were randomised into two equal groups. Both the groups were advised to do warm compresses and lid massage three times a day for 5min each for 4 weeks. In addition, group A group received azithromycin 1% drops 2 times\/day for 1 week, followed by once a day for 3 weeks, while group B received oral doxycycline 100mg once a day for 4 weeks. Baseline, midstream at 2 weeks and post-intervention status, including subjective symptoms, were compared.\nResults: Of the 60 subjects enrolled, there were 30(50%) in each of the two groups; 32(53.3%) males and 28(46.4%) females. While all 30(100%) the participants in group A completed the trial without any adverse reaction to medication, 8(26.7%) in group B quit midstream owing to anorexia\/nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort. Compared to baseline, reduction in both subjective and objective features of the disease in both groups was noted regardless of gender (p=0.08). No significant difference was evident in symptoms healing rate and improvement in foreign body sensation between the groups (p&gt;0.05). Group A improved eye redness, while group B proved better in respect of meibomian glands obstruction healing and corneal staining p&lt;0.05).\nConclusion: Both topical azithromycin and oral doxycycline were effective and had their own edge as far as symptomatic improvement was concerned in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction.\nKey Words: Meibomian gland dysfunction, Topical azithromycin, Oral doxycycline, Efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.47391\/jpma.6732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,14]],"date-time":"2023-05-14T04:17:13Z","timestamp":1684037833000},"page":"995-999","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparative study evaluating the efficacy of topical azithromycin versus oral doxycycline in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.47391","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Adnan","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mubashir","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"26547","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"container-title":["Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ojs.jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/download\/6732\/2312","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,14]],"date-time":"2023-05-14T04:17:13Z","timestamp":1684037833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ojs.jpma.org.pk\/index.php\/public_html\/article\/view\/6732"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47391\/jpma.6732","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-9982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-9982","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]}}}