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M. pneumoniae is a significant cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections worldwide, predominantly among children. Encephalitis is one of its most severe extrapulmonary manifestations and may result in significant neurological sequelae. We present a case of M. pneumoniae encephalitis and introduce a diagnostic tool to support its diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.47936\/encephalitis.2025.00143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:28:58Z","timestamp":1783643338000},"page":"85-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47936\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Connecting the dots between Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis (MPE) and encephalitis lethargica: a case report and presentation of a diagnostic tool for MPE"],"prefix":"10.47936","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1769-7348","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthias","family":"Endmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27912","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00023"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0240"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1584325"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh008"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03946320231154997"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/110.1.19"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1629418"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx177"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa062"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2016.14222"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1048585"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127226"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47936\/encephalitis.2021.00101"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit458"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268824000293"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"18","volume-title":"Detection of intrathecal antibody synthesis in CNS diseases","author":"Gosink","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003983"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/40.5.622"}],"container-title":["encephalitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/encephalitisjournal.org\/upload\/pdf\/encephalitis-2025-00143.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/encephalitisjournal.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.47936\/encephalitis.2025.00143","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/encephalitisjournal.org\/upload\/pdf\/encephalitis-2025-00143.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:29:01Z","timestamp":1783643341000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/encephalitisjournal.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.47936\/encephalitis.2025.00143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47936\/encephalitis.2025.00143","relation":{},"ISSN":["2765-4559","2734-1461"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2765-4559","type":"print"},{"value":"2734-1461","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}