{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T14:03:49Z","timestamp":1772546629494,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Care Comm","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ceska Gynekol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To examine the relationships between postoperative pain and anesthetic technique and analgesic use, to compare preoperative and postoperative serum cytokine levels, and to determine the influence of the anesthetic technique on these levels in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. Materials and methods: Thirty-six patients undergoing oncological breast surgery were allocated to general anesthesia only (G; N = 20) and general anesthesia with erector spinae plane block (ESPB, E; N = 16) groups. Postoperative pain intensity was evaluated using a visual analogue scale at three periods (M): 2, 24, and 48 hours after the end of surgery (M2, M24, and M48, resp.). Blood was collected preoperatively, before the induction of general anesthesia (M0), and at M24 and M48. Plasma interleukin (IL) -1, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Associations between categorical variables were evaluated using the Fisher\u2019s exact test. Pain scores and cytokine levels were compared between groups G and E and between patients undergoing mastectomy and quadrantectomy using repeated-measures analysis of variance. The significance level adopted for all tests was 5.0%. Results: Moderate to severe pain was more frequent in group G than in group E at M24 (P = 0.016). The IL-8 level was lower in group E than in group G (P = 0.029). In the whole cohort, TNF-\u03b1 level was reduced at M48 (P = 0.010), IL-8 level was reduced at M24 (P &lt; 0.001), and IL-1 level was increased at M48 (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: ESPB is an effective alternative in cases with contraindications or technical difficulties with other anesthetic techniques, such as epidurals. Its use could improve women\u2019s quality of life and health after breast cancer surgery. \n\n \n\nKey words: mastectomy \u2013 segmental mastectomy \u2013 cytokines \u2013 neuromuscular blockade \u2013 general anesthesia<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.48095\/cccg2025447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T09:34:27Z","timestamp":1772530467000},"page":"447-456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postoperative analgesia in breast cancer surgeries \u2013 anesthetic techniques and the role of cytokines"],"prefix":"10.48095","volume":"90","author":[{"name":"Discipline of Anesthesiology\/ Department of Surgery\/ Federal University of Tri\u00e2ngulo Mineiro, Uberaba \u2013 MG, Brazil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula Borela","family":"Perfeito Abud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flora Margarida","family":"Barra Bizinoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Nunes Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia Tereza","family":"Dornelas de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafaela","family":"Barcelos Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno Henrique","family":"Gomes Parizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Millena","family":"Prata Jammal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"C\u00f4bo Micheli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eddie Fernando","family":"Candido Murta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosekeila","family":"Sim\u00f5es Nomelini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"28151","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"container-title":["\u010cesk\u00e1 gynekologie"],"original-title":["Postoperative analgesia in breast cancer surgeries \u2013 anesthetic techniques and the role of cytokines"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T09:34:28Z","timestamp":1772530468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cs-gynekologie.cz\/en\/journals\/czech-gynaecology\/2025-6-7\/postoperative-analgesia-in-breast-cancer-surgeries-anesthetic-techniques-and-the-role-of-cytokines-142504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48095\/cccg2025447","relation":{},"ISSN":["1210-7832","1805-4455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1210-7832","type":"print"},{"value":"1805-4455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]}}}