{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T10:29:51Z","timestamp":1777717791206,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Uppsala Medical Society","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ujms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in various pulmonary diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), where it contributes to immune cell recruitment, tissue remodeling, and disease progression. Despite the therapeutic potential of TNF-targeting strategies, the lack of non-invasive tools to assess TNF activity in the lungs limits personalized treatment and trial stratification. This study aimed to evaluate the novel Affibody molecule-based positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [68Ga]Z0185, targeting TNF, for its ability to detect inflammation in vivo using the bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury model in rats.\r\nMethods: DOTA-Z0185\u00a0was generated by solid phase peptide synthesis, and a method for labeling by Gallium-68 was developed. The resulting PET tracer [68Ga]Z0185\u00a0was evaluated for binding to recombinant TNF by a radioimmuno-assay. [68Ga]Z0185\u00a0was further evaluated by PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies in a bleomycin rat model of lung injury in comparison with healthy rats.\r\nResults: DOTA-Z0185\u00a0was consistently radiolabeled with a radiochemical purity of at least 95%. [68Ga]Z0185\u00a0bound to recombinant human TNF in vitro with a mechanism that could be partially inhibited by etanercept (131.8 \u00b1 12.0 vs. 74.2 \u00b1 5.6 fmol,\u00a0P\u00a0&lt; 0.05). [68Ga]Z0185\u00a0uptake was significantly higher in injured pulmonary regions in BLM-treated rats compared to lung tissue in control animals (SUVmean\u00a00.58 \u00b1 0.22 vs. 0.25 \u00b1 0.07,\u00a0P\u00a0&lt; 0.05) as analyzed by PET\/computed tomography (CT) in vivo imaging. These regions corresponded with histologically confirmed areas of inflammation, with dense CD68+ macrophage infiltration.\r\nConclusion: [68Ga]Z0185\u00a0enables non-invasive detection of localized TNF-driven inflammation in the lung. This approach offers a promising imaging tool for patient stratification, therapy monitoring, and guiding anti-TNF interventions in pulmonary diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.48101\/ujms.v131.13817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:23:20Z","timestamp":1777458200000},"page":"e13817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Positron Emission Tomography imaging of tumor necrosis factor in lung injury"],"prefix":"10.48101","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Olivia","family":"Wegrzyniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huayi","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2515-8790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olof","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"28163","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"container-title":["Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ujms.net\/index.php\/ujms\/article\/download\/13817\/21276","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ujms.net\/index.php\/ujms\/article\/download\/13817\/21277","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ujms.net\/index.php\/ujms\/article\/download\/13817\/21278","content-type":"application\/epub+zip","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ujms.net\/index.php\/ujms\/article\/download\/13817\/21279","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ujms.net\/index.php\/ujms\/article\/download\/13817\/21276","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:23:21Z","timestamp":1777458201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ujms.net\/index.php\/ujms\/article\/view\/13817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48101\/ujms.v131.13817","relation":{},"ISSN":["2000-1967","0300-9734"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2000-1967","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-9734","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]}}}