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Increasing concern regarding the potential for cannabis to cause mental health effects has dominated cannabis research and the potential adverse respiratory effects have received relatively little attention. Studies on cannabis are challenging and subject to confounding by concomitant use of tobacco and other social factors, and while many of the studies referred to in this review are beset by the difficulties inherent in undertaking epidemiological research of the effects of cannabis, there is an emerging concern among many chest physicians who would suggest that habitual smoking of cannabis may contribute to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumothorax and respiratory infections, including tuberculosis. Special attention should be given to the risk of lung cancer, particularly as biological plausibility may precede epidemiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4997\/jrcpe.2010.417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T06:53:22Z","timestamp":1291186402000},"page":"328-334","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Cannabis and the lung"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"PT","family":"Reid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant Respiratory Physician, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Macleod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor in Clinical Epidemiology and Primary Care, University of Bristol"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JR","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Practitioner, Muirhouse Medical Group, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-JRCPE.2010.417","unstructured":"1United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2006 world drug report. 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