{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T11:10:10Z","timestamp":1745579410901,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAPI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system  (CNS). Its definitive diagnosis relies on the identification of a specific antibody. Autoimmune limbic  encephalitis (LE) is a subset of AE characterized by inflammation of the limbic cerebral cortex.  Cognitive decline, behavioral disturbance, and seizures are its cardinal manifestations. We present  the case of a 70-year-old man with subacute progressive gait imbalance, cognitive impairment,  and psychiatric manifestations. Extensive serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) investigations did  not reveal any abnormality. Autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis antibody panels were  negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) brain  scans suggested LE. He responded well to immunotherapy. This case illustrates that AE must be  suspected in the appropriate setting, even in the absence of a specific antibody. These patients  should be given the benefit of early immunotherapy<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5005\/japi-11001-0083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T08:22:21Z","timestamp":1669018941000},"page":"88-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Seronegative Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.59556","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Deepali","family":"Aendole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimmy","family":"Lalkaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jui","family":"Jade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhim l","family":"Singha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2914","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graus F, Saiz A, Dalmau J. Antibodies and neuronal autoimmune disorders of the CNS. J Neurol 2010;257(4):509\u2013517.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5431-9"},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Najjar S, Pearlman D, Zagzag D, et al. Spontaneously resolving seronegative autoimmune limbic encephalitis. Cogn Behav Neurol 2011;24(2):99\u2013105.","DOI":"10.1097\/WNN.0b013e3182248193"},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graus F, Escudaro D, Oleaga L, et al. Syndrome and outcome of antibody-negative limbic encephalitis. Eur J Neurol 2018;25(8):1011\u20131016.","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13661"},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graus F, Titulaer MJ, Balu R, et al. A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. Lancet Neurol 2016;15(4):391\u2013404.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00401-9"},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jagtap SA, Das GK, Kambale HJ, et al. Limbic encephalitis: clinical spectrum and long-term outcome from a developing country perspective. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2014;17(2):161\u2013165.","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.132615"},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Espinola-Nadurille M, Bautista-Gomez P, Flores J, et al. Non-inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid delays the diagnosis and start of immunotherapy in anti-NMDAR encephalitis Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2018;76(1):2\u20135.","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20170179"},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarius S, Hoffmann L, Clover L, et al. CSF findings in patients with voltage gated potassium channel antibody associated limbic encephalitis. J Neurol Sci 2008;268(1-2):74\u201377.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.11.004"},{"key":"ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baumgartner A, Rauer S, Mader I, et al. Cerebral FDG-PET and MRI findings in autoimmune limbic encephalitis: correlation with autoantibody types. J Neurol 2013;260(11):2744\u20132753.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-7048-2"},{"key":"ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pradhan S, Das A, Das A, et al. Antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis\u2014does it differ from definite one? Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2019;22(4):401\u2013408.","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.AIAN_206_19"},{"key":"ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee WJ, Lee ST, Byun JI, et al. Rituximab treatment for autoimmune limbic encephalitis in an institutional cohort. Neurology 2016;86(18):1683\u20131691.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002635"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Association of Physicians of India"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T10:56:55Z","timestamp":1745578615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/japi.org\/article\/files\/JAPI0083_p88-89.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/japi-11001-0083","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-5772"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0004-5772"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]}}}