{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T11:03:01Z","timestamp":1761562981426,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAPI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: As of 2019, the highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in India is  seen in the Northeastern states. Endocrine and metabolic disturbances can occur in HIV infection.  Thyroid dysfunction is one of the common endocrinopathies. In HIV infection, thyroid function  abnormalities are seen in about 4\u201335% of adult patients. Thyroid function abnormalities range  from overt hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and sick euthyroid syndrome to overt  hyperthyroidism. Among them, subclinical hypothyroidism is the commonest abnormality. To our  knowledge, there have been no studies from Northeastern India done in this regard. Aims and objectives: To study the thyroid function in newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection  attending anti-retroviral therapy (ART) center, Assam Medical College. To estimate the prevalence and types of thyroid dysfunction in newly diagnosed HIV-infected  individuals. To study thyroid dysfunctions with respect to age, sex, and cluster of differentiation (CD)  4 count. Materials and methods: Hospital-based observational study was done at a tertiary care centre  of upper Assam on newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients who were not started on antiretroviral  therapy and who attended the ART centre, Assam Medical College during the period of our study.  History, examinations and laboratory investigations, including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),  free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and CD4 count, are done in all such patients,  and only those who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria of our study are taken as study  participants, and their findings tabulated. Results and observations: A total of 95 newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients fulfilling the  inclusion and exclusion criteria of our study were taken. In our study, a total of 36.84% of the  patients had thyroid dysfunction. We got subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, sick  euthyroid syndrome, and overt hyperthyroidism as the types of thyroid dysfunction. Among all the  types of thyroid dysfunction, subclinical hypothyroidism was the commonest abnormality in our  study. Under sick euthyroid syndrome, we got only low FT3 as the biochemical abnormality. Thyroid  dysfunctions were more common in females (42.3%) than males (35.8%) and were more common  in the age group of 30\u201339 years. In the present study, among patients with thyroid dysfunction,  it was seen that 51.43% of the patients had a CD4 cell count in the range 101\u2013200 cells\/mm3 ,  whereas only 11.43% of patients had a CD4 cell count in the range &lt;50 cells\/mm3  and no patient  had a CD4 cell count &gt;500 cells\/mm3 . Conclusion: In our study, we found that thyroid dysfunctions were common in newly diagnosed  HIV-positive patients, the prevalence of which was much higher in the general population. Thyroid  dysfunction was present in all the stages of the HIV disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5005\/japi-11001-0248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T05:18:21Z","timestamp":1686633501000},"page":"14-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Thyroid Function in Newly Diagnosed HIV-positive Patients"],"prefix":"10.59556","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Soutrik Kumar","family":"Dutta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bipul Chandra","family":"Kalita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2914","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of the Association of Physicians of India"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T10:57:34Z","timestamp":1745578654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/japi.org\/article\/files\/JAPI0248_p14-18_compressed.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/japi-11001-0248","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-5772"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0004-5772"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]}}}