{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:55:13Z","timestamp":1791312913022,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["gutnliver.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gut and Liver"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"DOI":"10.5009\/gnl20214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]],"date-time":"2020-12-24T04:50:01Z","timestamp":1608785401000},"page":"616-624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5009\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Risk Factors for Acute Cholangitis Caused by <i>Enterococcus faecalis<\/i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.5009","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8278-7641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Karasawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,  Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1869-2135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,  Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Center of Endoscopy, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan"},{"name":"Center of Endoscopy, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7031-5388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoshi","family":"Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2881-1679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kentaro","family":"Kojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,  Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4275-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takamasa","family":"Ohki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,  Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3131-0004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiharu","family":"Seki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,  Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0148-8434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazumi","family":"Tagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,  Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5426-1896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuo","family":"Toda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,  Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Center of Endoscopy, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2920","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.1994.1151"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)45285-0"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198904000-00008"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2009.126"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.518"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000430965"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13253"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.01.013"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Gargouri D, Ouakaa-Kchaou A, Kochlef A, et al. Microbiological study and antimicrobial susceptibility of bile in biliary therapeutic endoscopy. Tunis Med 2015;93:602-605."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00534-012-0572-0"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421946"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/593956"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2009.0856"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339211"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169900"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.04.008"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(93)90005-R"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.4.731-734.1989"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.9.2373-2378.1992"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/107662903765826769"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Coombs GW, Pearson JC, Daly DA, et al. Australian Enterococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme annual report, 2013. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 2014;38:E320-E326."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591861"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-017-0222-0"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12236"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2003.08.001"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2010.04.007"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/380452"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47395-0"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2011.5.1.1"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.02.011"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw319"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2010.005"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.15.4.254"}],"container-title":["Gut and Liver"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pdf.medrang.co.kr\/GNL\/2021\/015\/GNL015-04-616.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"tdm","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/pdf.medrang.co.kr\/GNL\/2021\/015\/GNL015-04-616.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T06:51:30Z","timestamp":1626418290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/gutnliver.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.5009\/gnl20214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5009\/gnl20214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5009\/gnl20214","relation":{},"ISSN":["1976-2283","2005-1212"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1976-2283","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-1212","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"http:\/\/gutnliver.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.5009\/gnl20214","URL":"http:\/\/gutnliver.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.5009\/gnl20214","name":"the_journal","label":"Gut and Liver","group":{"name":"multiple_resolution","label":"Full text available at:"}},{"value":"2020-07-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-25","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Online First","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-15","order":4,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}