{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T07:31:33Z","timestamp":1786692693646,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Occupational Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>OBJECTIVE.<\/jats:bold>\n                    We examined participation in goal planning and development of self-awareness for people with impaired self-awareness after traumatic brain injury.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>METHOD.<\/jats:bold>\n                    We performed a mixed-methods study of 8 participants recently discharged from inpatient rehabilitation. Self-awareness was measured using discrepancy between self and significant other ratings on the Mayo\u2013Portland Adaptability Index (MPAI\u20134) at four time points. We calculated effect size to evaluate the change in MPAI\u20134 discrepancy over time.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Seven participants identified their own goals. We found a large reduction in mean MPAI\u20134 discrepancy (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 8.57,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 6.59,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 7,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d =<\/jats:italic>\n                    1.08) in the first 6 wk and a further small reduction (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 5.33,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 9.09,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 6,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d =<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.45) in the second 6 wk of intervention. Case data indicated that 7 participants demonstrated some growth in self-awareness.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSION.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Engagement in occupation-based, goal-directed rehabilitation appeared to foster awareness of injury-related changes to varying extents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2014.010785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]],"date-time":"2014-09-04T23:03:10Z","timestamp":1409871790000},"page":"578-588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Development of Self-Awareness After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Through Participation in Occupation-Based Rehabilitation: Mixed-Methods Analysis of a Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Emmah","family":"Doig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emmah Doig, PhD, BOccThy Hons, is NHMRC Post Doctoral Research Fellow, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia 4067;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pim","family":"Kuipers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pim Kuipers, PhD, BA Hons, MA, Grad Dip Rehab, is Associate Professor, Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Health District, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia, and Population and Social Health Research Program, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Prescott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sarah Prescott, B Int Bus, BOccThy Hons, is PhD Student, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petrea","family":"Cornwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petrea Cornwell, PhD, B SpPath Hons, is Principal Research Fellow, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, Chermside, Brisbane, Australia, and School of Applied Psychology and Behavioural Basis of Health, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jennifer Fleming, PhD, BOccThy Hons, is Associate Professor, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, and Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Health District, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050600677196"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavior sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen J. 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