{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:01:25Z","timestamp":1790661685128,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"XMLink","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018547","name":"Amorepacific","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anndermatol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.5021\/ad.26.064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T01:46:52Z","timestamp":1788486412000},"page":"360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5021\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vitiligo and Its Mimics in Childhood: A Diagnostic Framework for Hypopigmented Disorders"],"prefix":"10.5021","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2711-3112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun Jeong","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5975-8519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Min","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18617","reference":[{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(16)38164-0","volume":"38","author":"Pinto","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.22.150","volume":"35","author":"Ju","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60763-7","volume":"386","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2077.112665","volume":"6","author":"van Geel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cutan Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2025.0699","volume":"161","author":"Grinnell","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.006","volume":"41","author":"Ceresnie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.08.064","volume":"83","author":"Bae","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16226","volume":"34","author":"Uitentuis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-024-03259-8","volume":"316","author":"Soliman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2011.00521.x","volume":"17","author":"Lai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609404","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.609404","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-024-01296-9","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2025.104727","volume":"54","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0804388","volume":"360","author":"Ta\u00efeb","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00940.x","volume":"25","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15167","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.15167","volume":"33","author":"Delbaere","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.06.081","volume":"62","author":"Mazereeuw-Hautier","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14645","volume":"59","author":"Martins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08337-4","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdrv.2025.01.006","volume":"3","author":"Tissera","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAAD Reviews"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.10.021","volume":"143","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2024.0021","volume":"160","author":"Renert-Yuval","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2118828","volume":"387","author":"Rosmarin","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12055","volume":"53","author":"de Barros","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2008.00511.x","volume":"21","author":"Ta\u00efeb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.05.022","volume":"142","author":"Willemsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.5756","volume":"157","author":"Ju","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2003.20304.x","volume":"20","author":"Handa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.03.008","volume":"87","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.3.1789","volume":"162","author":"Musette","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.218011","volume":"130","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12717","volume":"33","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10154.x","volume":"164","author":"van Geel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2016.11.006","volume":"35","author":"Harris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.70060","volume":"53","author":"Kuroda","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-2-43","volume":"2","author":"Gr\u00f8nskov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.08.003","volume":"125","author":"Kruijt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12927","volume":"34","author":"Okamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref39","first-page":"261","volume":"50","author":"Spritz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2012.01583.x","volume":"40","author":"Oiso","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13713","volume":"36","author":"Saleem","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589784","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.589784","volume":"11","author":"Thongpradit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12683","volume":"32","author":"Miazek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2002.00494.x","volume":"16","author":"Blessmann Weber","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2021.1959014","volume":"33","author":"Abdel-Wahab","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2007.00379.x","volume":"24","author":"Sarifakioglu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2002.00378.x","volume":"16","author":"Gupta","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12547184","volume":"71","author":"Nazzaro-Porro","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5211","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.1502a5211","volume":"15","author":"Pietkiewicz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dermatol Pract Concept"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.259","volume":"146","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_304_16","volume":"8","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0736-8046.2004.21302.x","volume":"21","author":"Patrizi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.05.001","volume":"75","author":"Bae","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-022-02397-1","volume":"315","author":"Burshtein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2004.01440.x","volume":"29","author":"Chan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.08.030","volume":"82","author":"Morrel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.02.065","volume":"65","author":"Sung","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.05.005","volume":"59","author":"Christen-Zaech","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20070","volume":"62","author":"Herrick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000003097","volume":"47","author":"Thiagarajan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-020-08831-4","volume":"62","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12581","volume":"32","author":"Geller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08163.x","volume":"157","author":"Wahie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13396","volume":"35","author":"Zang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.02.030","volume":"67","author":"El-Darouti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-198806000-00002","volume":"10","author":"Benmam\u00e1n","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16098","volume":"61","author":"Kothari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12082007","volume":"12","author":"Mart\u00ednez Villarreal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref69","first-page":"165","volume":"139","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.3601","volume":"158","author":"Allen","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200708010-00002","volume":"8","author":"Relyveld","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01719.x","volume":"20","author":"Relyveld","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.182797","volume":"82","author":"Thng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.1499","volume":"150","author":"Zawar","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0011092","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011092","volume":"17","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1080\/20477724.2022.2057722","volume":"116","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathog Glob Health"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218388","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1218388","volume":"10","author":"Costa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref78","first-page":"630","volume":"137","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0487","volume":"106","author":"Vijayasankar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12452","volume":"28","author":"Heilskov","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04088.x","volume":"36","author":"Vachiramon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14050","volume":"37","author":"Bjorklund","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref83","first-page":"1421","volume":"21","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref84","first-page":"19","volume":"134","author":"Coupe","year":"1967","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14393","volume":"58","author":"Ullah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70524-4","volume":"40","author":"Lee","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12814","volume":"32","author":"Bae","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258241","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2023.2258241","volume":"34","author":"Altalhab","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.04.002","volume":"75","author":"Bae","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2024.101154","volume":"51","author":"Zakhary","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-014-2049-1","volume":"36","author":"Pavone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380001501001","volume":"15","author":"Ruggieri","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06057.x","volume":"151","author":"Taibjee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-018-0778-6","volume":"13","author":"Kromann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljaf262","volume":"193","author":"Kinsler","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-022-02437-w","volume":"141","author":"Saida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.02.005","volume":"40","author":"Schaffer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20164040","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-4040","volume":"140","author":"Davis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61279-9","volume":"372","author":"Curatolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2015.03.005","volume":"62","author":"DiMario","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1991.tb37743.x","volume":"615","author":"Curatolo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-022-00398-9","volume":"16","author":"Elhawary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Genomics"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref103","first-page":"127","volume":"57","author":"Reish","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00896.x","volume":"18","author":"Dessinioti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.74.4.343","volume":"74","author":"Lam","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpd.ijpd_100_22","volume":"24","author":"Somasundaram","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Paediatric Dermatology"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15575","volume":"177","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.15437","volume":"41","author":"Ahmed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16817","volume":"62","author":"Murthy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12525","volume":"32","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00edn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.3999","volume":"152","author":"Sachs","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935.e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.07.005","volume":"28","author":"Dean","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref113","first-page":"230","volume":"9","author":"Schoenlaub","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V46N4p160","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.08.056","volume":"63","author":"Tseng","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70078-4","volume":"16","author":"James","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e145","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.13787","volume":"44","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890470139025","volume":"133","author":"Maleville","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2010.00817.x","volume":"37","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.5021\/ad.26.064_ref120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2009.01388.x","volume":"37","author":"Silva","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/anndermatol.org\/pdf\/10.5021\/ad.26.064","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anndermatol.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.5021\/ad.26.064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anndermatol.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.5021\/ad.26.064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:22:54Z","timestamp":1790659374000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anndermatol.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.5021\/ad.26.064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5021\/ad.26.064","relation":{},"ISSN":["1013-9087","2005-3894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1013-9087","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-3894","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-10","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-24","name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-03","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-31","name":"published_online","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}