{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T13:53:46Z","timestamp":1792850026868,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"XMLink","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpis.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Periodontal Implant Sci"],"DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T01:37:57Z","timestamp":1588037877000},"page":"74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5051\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Effect of scaling and root planing on the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-9, IL-10, and IL-13) in the gingival crevicular fluid of electronic cigarette users and non-smokers with moderate chronic periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.5051","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5106-9871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nawwaf","family":"Al-Hamoudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3391-9027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulaziz","family":"Alsahhaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6130-5586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Modhi","family":"Al Deeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0665-3734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alrabiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6204-7985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahim","family":"Vohra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7266-5886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tariq","family":"Abduljabbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18617","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.01.006","volume":"25","author":"AlAhmari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-019-02875-5","volume":"35","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref3","first-page":"e1","volume":"67","author":"Mohan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gen Dent"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.100472","volume":"82","author":"Kaushik","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12194","volume":"41","author":"Kinney","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12085","volume":"20","author":"Prakasam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.001","volume":"169","author":"Abduljabbar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-010-0807-8","volume":"26","author":"Qadri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12314","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12314","volume":"9","author":"Al-Hamoudi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12327","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12327","volume":"9","author":"Eshghipour","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2017.02.010","volume":"18","author":"Kellesarian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2019.05.001","volume":"102","author":"BinShabaib","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12557","volume":"20","author":"Abduljabbar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Implant Dent Relat Res"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18003","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-35920-4","volume":"8","author":"Arias-Bujanda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4103\/nmj.NMJ_142_17","volume":"59","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Niger Med J"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00500.x","volume":"31","author":"Scarel-Caminaga","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6713.2004.003558.x","volume":"35","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.01079.x","volume":"43","author":"Pradeep","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100036","volume":"82","author":"Emingil","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.07.034","volume":"76","author":"Browne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e318228283b","volume":"343","author":"Javed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1989.60.10.564","volume":"60","author":"Cuff","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c332","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c332","volume":"340","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.09.003","volume":"28","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.070186","volume":"78","author":"Javed","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1982.53.9.550","volume":"53","author":"Armitage","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1967.38.6_part2.610","volume":"38","author":"L\u00f6e","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1977.tb02271.x","volume":"4","author":"Armitage","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(51)90084-9","volume":"4","author":"Updegrave","year":"1951","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0076","volume":"134","author":"Khocht","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140556","volume":"86","author":"Javed","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1607-551X(09)70367-5","volume":"23","author":"Tsai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2006.05.002","volume":"38","author":"Parker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref34","first-page":"4","volume":"82","author":"Cobb","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dent Hyg"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1259","volume":"31","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77196","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12857","volume":"7","author":"Sundar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12995","volume":"45","author":"Invernici","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jpis.org\/pdf\/10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jpis.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jpis.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T01:39:42Z","timestamp":1588037982000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jpis.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5051\/jpis.2020.50.2.74","relation":{},"ISSN":["2093-2278","2093-2286"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2093-2278","type":"print"},{"value":"2093-2286","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-21","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-05","name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-20","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-19","name":"published_online","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2020. Korean Academy of Periodontology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/).","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}