{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T23:12:44Z","timestamp":1783725164967,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Weston Medical Publishing","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JEM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The use of mass media is recommended to improve public awareness of first aid and enhance the motivation of laypeople to provide lifesaving help. This study aimed to investigate practices of reporting incidents of foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) in online news media, particularly in terms of whether and how information concerning first aid is presented.\r\nMethods: This was a cross-sectional study that analyzed the content of news articles published within a 2-year timeframe, which reported cases of fatal FBAO that happened in India and the United Kingdom (UK).\r\nResults: The search revealed 47 articles for India and 82 for the UK, including publications by top news brands like BBC News and India Today. The articles reported 18 and 45 unique cases of FBAO, respectively. Only 21.3 percent (n = 47) of articles for India and 1.2 percent (1) for the UK touched upon the relevance of first aid; 0.0 percent (0) and 2.4 percent (2), respectively, addressed the importance of first aid training; 19.1 percent (9) and 2.4 percent (2), respectively, contained some instructions on first aid. The instructions for the most part omitted relevant techniques of first aid, provided insufficient details on how to perform the assistance, and occasionally contained false or misleading information.\r\nConclusions: Inappropriate presentation of information on first aid by online news media, including top national news brands, represents a lost opportunity to massively enhance public awareness, knowledge, and perceptions concerning first aid. The development of international guidelines on reporting first aid in mass media is advisable.\r\n\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5055\/jem.0930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T19:40:59Z","timestamp":1750448459000},"page":"537-545","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lack of attention to bystander first aid in mass media reports on potentially avoidable deaths"],"prefix":"10.5055","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2789-9760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexei A.","family":"Birkun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6900-717X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adhish","family":"Gautam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3008","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"95995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meischke H, Finnegan J, Eisenberg M: What can you teach about cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in 30 seconds? Eval Health Prof. 1999; 22: 44-59. DOI: 10.1177\/016327879902200103.","DOI":"10.1177\/016327879902200103"},{"key":"95996","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luepker RV, Raczynski JM, Osganian S, et al.: Effect of a community intervention on patient delay and emergency medical service use in acute coronary heart disease: The rapid early action for coronary treatment (REACT) trial. JAMA. 2000; 284: 60-67. DOI: 10.1001\/jama.284.1.60.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.1.60"},{"key":"95997","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Becker L, Vath J, Eisenberg M, et al.: The impact of television public service announcements on the rate of bystander CPR. Prehosp Emerg Care. 1999; 3: 353-356. DOI: 10.1080\/10903129908958968.","DOI":"10.1080\/10903129908958968"},{"key":"95998","unstructured":"International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies: International first aid, resuscitation, and education guidelines 2020. Available at https:\/\/www.ifrc.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-02\/EN_GFARC_GUIDELINES_2020.pdf. Accessed August 14, 2024."},{"key":"95999","unstructured":"Newman N, Fletcher R, Eddy K, et al.: Reuters institute for the study of journalism. Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2023. Available at https:\/\/reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk\/digital-newsreport\/2023. Accessed August 14, 2024."},{"key":"96000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scquizzato T, Gazzato A, Semeraro F, et al.: Cardiac arrest reported in newspapers: A new, yet missed, opportunity to increase cardiopulmonary resuscitation awareness. Resuscitation. 2021; 160: 68-69. DOI: 10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.01.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.01.002"},{"key":"96001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birkun AA, Samarin SA, Tupotilova AA: News as a means of popularization of first aid knowledge: Content analysis of news articles related to cases of pediatric cardiac arrest in schools and kindergartens of Russia. Neotlo\u017enaa Med Pomo\u015d. 2022; 11: 668-675. DOI: 10.23934\/2223-9022-2022-11-4-668-675 (in Russian).","DOI":"10.23934\/2223-9022-2022-11-4-668-675"},{"key":"96002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Landoni G, Morselli F, Silvetti S, et al.: Pizza in adults and grape in children are the most frequent causes of foreign body airway obstruction in Italy. A national media-based survey. Resuscitation. 2020; 149: 141-142. DOI: 10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.02.016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.02.016"},{"key":"96003","unstructured":"Statista: Countries with the largest digital populations in the world as of January 2023 (in millions). Available at https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/262966\/number-of-internet-users-in-selectedcountries\/. Accessed August 14, 2024."},{"key":"96004","unstructured":"Statista: Countries with the highest internet penetration rate as of July 2023. Available at https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/227082\/countries-with-the-highest-internet-penetration-rate\/. Accessed August 14, 2024."},{"key":"96005","unstructured":"Birkun A, Gautam A: Content analysis of online news media reports on fatal cases of foreign body airway obstruction in India and the United Kingdom. Mendeley Data. 2023; V1. DOI: 10.17632\/hx6hmj9gzm.1."},{"key":"96006","unstructured":"Microsoft: The new Bing: Our approach to responsible AI. Available at https:\/\/blogs.microsoft.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/prod\/sites\/5\/2023\/04\/RAI-for-the-new-Bing-April-2023.pdf. Accessed August 14, 2024."},{"key":"96007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassani H, Silva ES: The role of ChatGPT in data science: How AI-assisted conversational interfaces are revolutionizing the field. Big Data Cogn Comput. 2023; 7: 62.","DOI":"10.3390\/bdcc7020062"},{"key":"96008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birkun AA, Gautam A, B\u00f6ttiger BW, et al.: An expert consensus-based checklist for quality appraisal of educational resources on adult basic life support: A Delphi study. Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2023; 10(4): 400-409. DOI: 10.15441\/ceem.23.049.","DOI":"10.15441\/ceem.23.049"},{"key":"96009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olasveengen TM, Semeraro F, Ristagno G, et al.: European resuscitation council guidelines 2021: Basic life support. Resuscitation. 2021; 161: 98-114. DOI: 10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.009.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.009"},{"key":"96010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patel H, Mahtani AU, Mehta LS, et al.: Outcomes of out of hospital sudden cardiac arrest in India: A review and proposed reforms. Indian Heart J. 2023; 75: 321-326. DOI: 10.1016\/j.ihj.2023.08.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2023.08.005"},{"key":"96011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gr\u00e4sner JT, Wnent J, Herlitz J, et al.: Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Europe\u2014Results of the EuReCa TWO study. Resuscitation. 2020; 148: 218-226. DOI: 10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.12.042.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.12.042"},{"key":"96012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duber HC, McNellan CR, Wollum A, et al.: Public knowledge of cardiovascular disease and response to acute cardiac events in three cities in China and India. Heart. 2018; 104: 67-72. DOI: 10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-311388.","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-311388"},{"key":"96013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hawkes CA, Brown TP, Booth S, et al.: Attitudes to cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillator use: A survey of UK adults in 2017. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019; 8: E008267. DOI: 10.1161\/JAHA.117.008267.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.008267"},{"key":"96014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birkun A, Trunkwala F, Gautam A, et al.: Availability of basic life support courses for the general populations in India, Nigeria and the United Kingdom: An internet-based analysis. World J Emerg Med. 2020; 11: 133-139. DOI: 10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2020.03.001.","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2020.03.001"},{"key":"96015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suarez-Lledo V, Alvarez-Galvez J: Prevalence of health misinformation on social media: Systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2021; 23: E17187. DOI: 10.2196\/17187.","DOI":"10.2196\/17187"}],"container-title":["Journal of Emergency Management"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wmpllc.org\/ojs\/index.php\/jem\/article\/download\/3865\/4152","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/wmpllc.org\/ojs\/index.php\/jem\/article\/download\/3865\/4152","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T19:41:05Z","timestamp":1750448465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/wmpllc.org\/ojs\/index.php\/jem\/article\/view\/3865"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5055\/jem.0930","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-5865","1543-5865"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-5865","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1543-5865","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]}}}