{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:57:24Z","timestamp":1792155444964,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Weston Medical Publishing","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Opioid Management"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To evaluate the impact of a standardized pain management protocol on prescribing practices for opioids, nonopioid therapies, and disease-modifying agents among adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) in an outpatient setting. Design: A retrospective analysis comparing prescribing patterns before and after the implementation of a standardized pain management protocol.Setting: An adult sickle cell clinic at an academic medical center.Patients\/participants: A total of 165 adult patients diagnosed with SCD receiving outpatient care.Interventions: Implementation of a multidisciplinary team-developed standardized pain management protocol for assessing and managing pain and psychological distress in patients with SCD.Main outcome measure(s): Changes in opioid prescribing patterns (including median morphine equivalent daily dose [MEDD]), prescribing of nonopioid therapies, eg, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), prescribing of disease-modifying agents (hydroxyurea), and pain scores.Results: Following protocol implementation, the proportion of patients prescribed opioids decreased to 91.5 percent (p = 0.03). Although no significant change occurred in median MEDD, prescribing of nonopioid therapies significantly increased, including hydroxyurea (57.5 percent vs 21.2 percent, p &lt; 0.01), antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and NSAIDs. Pain scores decreased slightly but not significantly.Conclusions: The standardized outpatient pain management protocol has the potential to reduce opioid usage and increase the adoption of evidence-based nonopioid therapies in patients with SCD. Further validation in diverse clinical settings is warranted to assess the protocol\u2019s long-term effectiveness and outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5055\/jom.1008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:28:35Z","timestamp":1792153715000},"page":"437-443","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of a standardized pain management protocol for adult patients with sickle cell disease"],"prefix":"10.5055","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Lindsey E.","family":"Dayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issam","family":"Makhoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Collin","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leigh Ann","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Council","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mrinmayee","family":"Lakkad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Saccente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob T.","family":"Painter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3008","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"container-title":["Journal of Opioid Management"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wmpllc.org\/ojs\/index.php\/jom\/article\/download\/4150\/4424","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/wmpllc.org\/ojs\/index.php\/jom\/article\/download\/4150\/4424","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:28:35Z","timestamp":1792153715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/wmpllc.org\/ojs\/index.php\/jom\/article\/view\/4150"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5055\/jom.1008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1551-7489","1551-7489"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1551-7489","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1551-7489","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]}}}