{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T11:41:00Z","timestamp":1791373260020,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.jnmjournal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neurogastroenterol Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,30]]},"DOI":"10.5056\/jnm16138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]],"date-time":"2016-10-05T04:12:12Z","timestamp":1475640732000},"page":"575-588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5056\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["Sex and Gender Differences in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease"],"prefix":"10.5056","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Young Sun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwang Ha","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2998","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00630.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03561.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.012"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/653989"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14038"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i35.5787"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi218"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04147.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520510023260"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301389"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Wizemann, TM, and Pardue, ML (2001). Exploring the biological contributions to human health: does sex matter?. Washington, DC: National Academies Press"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.09.071"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363459310364157"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02645.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i5.1800"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-306393"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-304269"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2011.17.1.14"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14014"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400030018004"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32834f6baa"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03366.x"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02565.x"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41245.x"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520510015610"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655202760230847"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520212502"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01606.x"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e328345d429"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350050293"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01593.x"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.50138.x"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2013.19.1.70"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181855055"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2008.05299.x"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069891"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03454.x"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1215291"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520510011579"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01835.x"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i46.8770"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2008.00924.x"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2008.43"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4166\/kjg.2012.60.4.219"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04448.x"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-132-8-200004180-00003"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.3.304"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303753"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07666.x"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.176701"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318196bd11"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01737.x"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.54.4083"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.063685"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.40187.x"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(05)00606-3"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.161331"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14114"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12147"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grishina, I, Fenton, A, and Sankaran-Walters, S (2014). Gender differences, aging and hormonal status in mucosal injury and repair. Aging Dis. 5, 160-169.","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2014.0500160"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-194779"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI16288"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3980-6"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orlando, RC, Bryson, JC, and Powell, DW (1984). Mechanisms of H+ injury in rabbit esophageal epithelium. Am J Physiol. 246, G718-G724.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1984.246.6.G718"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200603000-00006"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-013-2751-5"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.127886"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04503-7"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2010.01514.x"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2337-7"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2282"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004387"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00097.2012"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003410"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.06.085"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2012.01367.x"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm13138"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2980.2012.00581.x"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614558343"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14116"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.12.010"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03574.x"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03189.x"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2013.19.3.344"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm15026"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14096"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm15027"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2010.16.1.8"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.36"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.131"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Castell, DO (1990). Esophageal disorders in the elderly. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 19, 235-254.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00495-7"},{"key":"ref92","unstructured":"Castell, DO (1994). How is esophageal sensitivity impaired with age?. The esophageal mucosa, Giuli, R, ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science BV, pp. 267-269"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2014.20.1.87"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2014.20.2.197"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14052"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2008.03708.x"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i46.17388"},{"key":"ref98","unstructured":"Nguyen, P, Lee, SD, and Castell, DO (1995). Evidence of gender differences in esophageal pain threshold. Am J Gastroenterol. 90, 901-905."},{"key":"ref99","unstructured":"Kapur, N, Hunt, I, Lunt, M, McBeth, J, Creed, F, and Macfarlane, G (2005). Primary care consultation predictors in men and women: a cohort study. Br J Gen Pract. 55, 108-113."},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-8320(06)73189-X"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70025-8"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2000.00884.x"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1999.00571.x"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.444"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14019"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm15105"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14078"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2014.20.1.6"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i20.3124"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04406.x"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2012.679682"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-52"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12007"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.03962.x"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2014.980500"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i14.4017"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2012.11.017"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65217-0"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1197-1209"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614543736"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26236"},{"key":"ref122","unstructured":"Lagergren, J, and Nyr\u00e9n, O (1998). Do sex hormones play a role in the etiology of esophageal adenocarcinoma? A new hypothesis tested in a population-based cohort of prostate cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 7, 913-915."},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.01.009"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70015-0"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.1.66"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pdf.medrang.co.kr\/JNM2\/2016\/022\/jnm-22-575.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T19:29:10Z","timestamp":1657394950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jnmjournal.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.5056\/jnm16138"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,30]]},"references-count":125,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5056\/jnm16138"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5056\/jnm16138","relation":{},"ISSN":["2093-0879","2093-0887"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2093-0879","type":"print"},{"value":"2093-0887","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"http:\/\/www.jnmjournal.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.5056\/jnm16138","URL":"http:\/\/www.jnmjournal.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.5056\/jnm16138","name":"the_journal","label":"J Neurogastroenterol Motil","group":{"name":"multiple_resolution","label":"Full text available at:"}},{"value":"2016-08-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-09-12","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-09-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-10-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}