{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:05:15Z","timestamp":1756857915471,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the neurocognitive safety of two\nschemes of general anesthesia based on propofol or sevoflurane applied to patients\nundergoing laparoscopic gynecological operations, with a special focus on the patients\u2019\nage, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status\/risk category I, II, or III,\nand levels of neuromarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was chosen for cognitive assessment. The potential neuroinjury after anesthesia and operation was assessed with a set\n\nof neuromarkers: glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL),\n\ntau protein (tau), and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1). The study was conducted on a group of women with no prior neurological or psychiatric diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 61 patients (mean age 40.57 years) were included in the study\n(29 patients under propofol-based anesthesia [PBA], 32 patients under sevoflurane-based\nanesthesia [SBA]). The groups were demographically comparable. The patients in both\n\ngroups exhibited a postoperative increase in the MoCA regardless of the type of anesthesia. The NFL and UCH-L1 levels increased significantly in both groups. The GFAP\n\nlevels were significantly higher in the SBA group. Neither the age nor the increase in\nthe neuromarkers influenced the patients\u2019 cognition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The types of anesthesia applied in the laparoscopic gynecological operations resulted in a cognitively safe outcome despite detectable alterations in the neuromarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/ait\/208017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T11:12:12Z","timestamp":1756811532000},"page":"205-214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Is general anesthesia neuroinjury-free and safe  for gynecological patients\u2019 cognition?  A comparison of two typical anesthesia schemes  based on propofol and sevoflurane"],"prefix":"10.5114","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0356-2004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W\u0142odzimierz","family":"P\u0142otek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7053-425X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Beka\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9990-5534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jadwiga","family":"\u0141uczak-Wawrzyniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1471-4633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Dudzi\u0144ska-Rapczewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1881-9581","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Gasi\u0144ska-B\u0142otniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5492-9558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Cybulski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4258-0133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Kubik-Komar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3447-9569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Kubera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0941-9970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Wilczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0449-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"D\u0105browski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1498347","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15464"},{"key":"ref-1498348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2019.18"},{"key":"ref-1498349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/45368"},{"key":"ref-1498350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00616-3"},{"key":"ref-1498351","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11358-7"},{"key":"ref-1498352","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01340-4"},{"key":"ref-1498353","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000885"},{"key":"ref-1498354","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000271"},{"key":"ref-1498357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230932"},{"key":"ref-1498360","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1707-9"},{"key":"ref-1498363","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20160082"},{"key":"ref-1498365","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1555115"},{"key":"ref-1498367","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200206000-00014"},{"key":"ref-1498370","unstructured":"Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown GK. 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