{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T12:38:13Z","timestamp":1766579893569,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the side effects (SEs) and sedation characteristics of synergistic sedation with doses of 0.25 \u03bcg kg-1 or 0.5 \u03bcg kg-1 intranasal (IN) sufentanil, and intravenous (IV) midazolam during propofol-based sedation in patients undergoing colonoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a\u00a0prospective, randomized, double-blind study. The patients were randomly allocated into one of 3 groups: group I\u00a0(n = 33) \u2013 sufentanil IN 0.5 \u03bcg kg\u20131; group II (n = 33) \u2013 sufentanil IN 0.25 \u03bcg kg-1; and group III (n = 33) \u2013 IN 0.9% NaCl (&lt;i&gt;&lt;i&gt;placebo&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/i&gt;) and IV 0.04 mg kg-1 midazolam. After 15 minutes, all patients received 0.5 mg kg-1 propofol intravenously. Cardiorespiratory side effects and sedation characteristics were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The propofol consumption in group III was significantly higher than in group I\u00a0and II (P &lt; 0.001). Spontaneous eye opening time was significantly longer in group III than in group I\u00a0and II ( &lt; 0.001). The patients in group III had significantly longer recovery times than patients in group I\u00a0and II (P &lt; 0.0001). Hypotension and bradycardia were not encountered during the study. The incidence of hypoxaemia was significantly greater in group III compared to other groups (P &lt; 0.001). Pain control and endoscopist satisfaction was significantly better for group I\u00a0and II than for group III (P &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synergistic sedation can be achieved safely and effectively by the combination of propofol and IN sufentanil or IV midazolam for colonoscopy. However, IN sufentanil can be considered as a\u00a0reasonable alternative to IV midazolam due to less respiratory depression, and better pain control and endoscopist satisfaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/ait.2021.106298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]],"date-time":"2021-07-04T19:06:28Z","timestamp":1625425588000},"page":"146-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Combination of propofol and nasal sufentanil or intravenous midazolam for colonoscopy: a\u00a0comparative study"],"prefix":"10.5114","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Tulin","family":"Akarsu Ayazoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sinan","family":"Uzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1379267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2002.460702.x"},{"key":"ref-1379268","first-page":"63","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of intranasal administration of sedative medications (ketamine, midazolam, or sufentanil) for urgent brief pediatric dental procedures","volume":"40","author":"Abrams R","year":"1993","unstructured":"Abrams R, Morrison JE, Villasenor A, Hencmann D, Da Fonseca M, Mueller W. 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