{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:45:44Z","timestamp":1787312744155,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The benefits of type I\/II pectoral nerve blocks (PECS I\/II), which can be dose dependent, have been examined in different studies. Nonetheless, few randomised trials have been performed in South America. The present randomised trial examined the efficacy of PECS I\/II with a higher dose of the local anaesthetic to manage perioperative pain after mastectomy in Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a randomised, parallel, single-centre, and single-blind trial. Eighty participants undergoing elective mastectomy were randomised (1 : 1) to receive PECS I\/II plus ultrasound-guided ropivacaine (0.5%) or standard general anaesthesia. The primary outcome was pain intensity at rest 24 hours after surgery, assessed with a numerical rating scale. Haemodynamic outcomes, consumption of opioids, anaesthe\u00adtics and antiemetics, and post-anaesthetic recovery times were also recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty participants (75%) completed the study. The mean age was 54 years, with 57% of participants undergoing mastectomy and 43% undergoing quadrantectomy. Median pain intensity (interquartile range) at rest (24 h postoperatively) was lower in the PECS I\/II group compared to the control group: 0 (0\u20131.75) vs. 1 (1\u20132), P = 0.021. A smaller number of patients in the PECS I\/II group required intraoperative fentanyl (23.3% vs. 83.3%; P &lt; 0.001) and postoperative tramadol (20.0 vs. 76.7%; P &lt; 0.001). Mean doses of fentanyl and tramadol were about 4-5 times lower in the PECS I\/II group (P &lt; 0.001). PECS I\/II significantly reduced sevoflurane consumption during surgery (P = 0.01). No difference was observed regarding adverse effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PECS I\/II blockade with high-dose local anaesthetic is efficacious and safe, resulting in lower levels of perioperative pain after mastectomy compared to standard general anaesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/ait.2022.121096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T06:02:22Z","timestamp":1668664942000},"page":"302-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Efficacy of type-I\u00a0and type-II pectoral nerve blocks (PECS I\u00a0and II) in patients undergoing mastectomy: a\u00a0prospective randomised clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.5114","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Fabricio","family":"Tavares Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Vinicius","family":"de Assis Feitosa Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huana Christina Rosa","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heloisa Helena","family":"Roncolato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catia","family":"Sousa Goveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1376099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2018.08.105"},{"key":"ref-1376100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0039-6109(16)45228-x"},{"key":"ref-1376101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tacc.2018.03.001"},{"key":"ref-1376102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001153"},{"key":"ref-1376103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjan.2015.12.002"},{"key":"ref-1376104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-019-0857-9"},{"key":"ref-1376105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000762"},{"key":"ref-1376106","first-page":"291","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de fatores determinantes do tempo de interna\u00e7\u00e3o em cl\u00ednica m\u00e9dica","volume":"10","author":"Rufino GP","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rufino GP, Gurgel MG, Pontes TC, Freire. 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