{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T10:38:18Z","timestamp":1789814298722,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Detection of abnormalities in the KRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes\nis extremely important for proper qualification of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients for therapy with anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) monoclonal antibodies. However, data about prevalence of mutations in these\ngenes, in different localizations of CRC tumors, are limited.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n We examined the frequency of mutations in the\nKRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes in 500 Caucasian CRC patients (200 women\nand 300 men, median age 66 years). DNA was isolated from formalin-fixed,\nparaffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues using a Qiagen QIAamp DNA FFPE-kit.\nAnalysis of mutations was carried out using the KRAS\/BRAF, NRAS and BRAF\nMutation Analysis Kit for Real-Time PCR (EntroGen) with the Cobas 480 realtime PCR apparatus (Roche Diagnostics).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n KRAS mutations were detected in 190 patients (38%), NRAS mutations in 20 patients (4%), and BRAF mutations in 24 patients (4.8%). There\nwere no associations between age of CRC patients and frequency of KRAS,\nNRAS and BRAF gene mutations. These mutations were significantly more\noften diagnosed in women (55.5%) than in men (41%, p < 0.005). Tumors of\nthe rectum and sigmoideum were the most often observed in both groups\nof CRC patients \u2013 with and without KRAS, NRAS and BRAF gene mutations.\nHowever, transverse colon, ascending colon and cecum cancers were the\nmost often affected by mutations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our study showed that the occurrence of mutations in the\nKRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes is not accidental and depends on the location\nof CRC tumors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms\/109170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T20:11:14Z","timestamp":1616530274000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Correlation between KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations\nand tumor localizations in patients with primary\nand metastatic colorectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.5114","author":[{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Bo\u017cyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University\nof Lublin, Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University\nof Lublin, Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Reszka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Immunology GENIM LLC, Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"Krukowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Immunology GENIM LLC, Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Kolak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin,\nPoland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Ma\u0144dziuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin,\nPoland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Wojas-Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University\nof Lublin, Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodryg","family":"Ramlau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Medical University of Pozna\u0144, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janusz","family":"Milanowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University\nof Lublin, Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]},"container-title":["Archives of Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.archivesofmedicalscience.com\/pdf-109170-65079","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.archivesofmedicalscience.com\/pdf-109170-65079","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T10:22:56Z","timestamp":1635502976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.archivesofmedicalscience.com\/Correlation-between-KRAS-NRAS-and-BRAF-mutations-nand-tumor-localizations-in-patients,109170,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["109170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/aoms\/109170","relation":{},"ISSN":["1734-1922","1896-9151"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1734-1922","type":"print"},{"value":"1896-9151","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]}}}