{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T11:40:01Z","timestamp":1750592401266,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma concentrations of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) serve as markers of overtraining or muscle injury. We have examined, if nuclear (n) and mitochondrial (mt) cfDNA has the potential as a marker of muscle burden or damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten healthy, physically active volunteers (6 females, aged 27.1\u00b16.8 years) performed a downhill running test. Samples for cfnDNA and cfmtDNA analysis were collected before, 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 14 days after the downhill run. CfnDNA and cfmtDNA (two markers for both) were analysed using qPCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was an extreme (~ 40-times) increase in cfnDNA at the 30-min time-point against the baseline (p&lt;0.00001 for both markers), followed by a quick drop to baseline levels after 1 hour after the end of the downhill run for all subjects. In contrast, plasma levels of cfmtDNA did not increase significantly (p=0.27 and 0.12). It reflects the fact, that in 6 subjects, the pattern was similar as for cfnDNA but in 4 subjects rather a decrease of cfmtDNA concentration was observed at the 30-mi time-point. These differences correlate with age, BMI, and sex of the participants. Plasma cfnDNA significantly (p&lt;0.01 for all) correlated with concentrations of muscle damage markers such as AST, ALT, and lactate dehydrogenase, and chemokines MIP-1\u03b1 and IP-10 (positive). No homogenous correlation between cfmtDNA and biomarkers was detected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study confirms the extreme release and clearance of cfnDNA in physically active subjects after strenuous exercise. In contrast, the trajectory of cfmtDNA concentrations seems to have much higher inter-individual variability than cfnDNA concentrations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms\/205792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T10:59:22Z","timestamp":1750589962000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Changes in plasma concentration of cell-free DNA as a response to physical activity"],"prefix":"10.5114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6537-1353","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jaroslav Alois","family":"Hubacek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IKEM, Czech Republic"},{"name":"3rd Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague,, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7167-1336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana","family":"Dlouh\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IKEM, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6416-8385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hana","family":"W\u00fcnsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5151-5766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kry\u0161tof","family":"Slab\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9912-725X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sab\u00edna","family":"Oresk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8947-5955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aneta","family":"Prokopcov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8463-8883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Ryb\u00e1\u0159","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7226-1926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Vrabl\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague,, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8616-7850","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michal","family":"Tom\u010d\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"container-title":["Archives of Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.archivesofmedicalscience.com\/pdf-205792-126287","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.archivesofmedicalscience.com\/pdf-205792-126287","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T10:59:26Z","timestamp":1750589966000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.archivesofmedicalscience.com\/Changes-in-plasma-concentration-of-cell-free-DNA-as-a-response-to-physical-activity,205792,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["205792"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/aoms\/205792","relation":{},"ISSN":["1734-1922","1896-9151"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1734-1922"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1896-9151"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]}}}