{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T09:45:42Z","timestamp":1782553542673,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioTechnologia"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Limited attention paid to acne vulgaris has hindered progress in studying its pathological mechanisms and developing new treatments. While direct evidence confirming Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) as the\u00a0initial trigger of\u00a0acne vulgaris is scarce, the\u00a0bacterium clearly drives inflammation within acne lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mass spectrometric analysis demonstrated that C. acnes lipase digested triglycerides into various fatty acids, which increased sebum production in sebocytes. The\u00a0secretory lipase was selected as an immunogenic antigen to generate antibodies in mice. Serum from mice vaccinated with C. acnes lipase was used to assess antibody titers via test strips. Pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) expression were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Passive immunization with neutralization antibodies to lipase was conducted by administering anti-lipase serum co-cultured with C. acnes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Palmitic acid, a\u00a0lipase-derived fatty acid, was identified as a\u00a0major pro-inflammatory stimulus in sebocytes, confirming the\u00a0central role of\u00a0lipase in acne inflammation. Mice vaccinated with C. acnes lipase showed protection against C. acnes-induced inflammation in an ear model. Therefore, neutralization antibodies to lipase significantly reduced C. acnes-induced production of\u00a0pro-inflammatory IL-6 and MIP-2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The\u00a0C. acnes secretory lipase is a\u00a0key virulence factor contributing to acne inflammation. Vaccination with C. acnes lipase significantly reduced bacterial colonization and the\u00a0production of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and MIP-2. These findings support the\u00a0potential of\u00a0C. acnes lipase-targeted vaccines as a\u00a0novel, antigen-specific strategy for both the\u00a0treatment and prevention of\u00a0acne vulgaris.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/bta\/221530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T08:52:31Z","timestamp":1782550351000},"page":"163-180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acne vaccine targeting Cutibacterium acnes secretory lipase suppresses the bacteria-induced pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 production"],"prefix":"10.5114","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8241-2153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Indira Putri","family":"Negari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2366-0092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azka Narari","family":"Khoerunnisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3352-5394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun Ming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0289-7272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinta","family":"Marito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5956-7244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uuganbayar","family":"Gankhuyag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5841-2468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mai Trinh","family":"Tang Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9421-9342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aswin Rafif","family":"Khairullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2451-8907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cindy Mutiara","family":"Septani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1913822","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahle CM, Feidenhansl C, Br\u00fcggemann H. 2023. 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