{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T03:31:39Z","timestamp":1782790299372,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioTechnologia"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The phenomenon of antibiotic resistance has dramatically increased in the last few decades, especially in enterobacterial pathogens. Different strains of Escherichia coli have been reported to produce a variety of structurally different siderophores. In the present study, 32 E. coli strains were collected from different clinical settings in Cairo, Egypt and subjected to the antibiotic susceptibility test by using 19 antibiotics belonging to 7 classes of chemical groups. The results indicated that 31 strains could be considered as extensively drug-resistant and only one strain as pan drug-resistant. Siderophores production by all the tested E. coli strains was determined qualitatively and quantitatively. Two E. coli strains coded 21 and 49 were found to be the most potent siderophores producers, with 79.9 and 46.62%, respectively. Bacterial colonies with cured plasmids derived from strain 49 showed susceptibility to all the tested antibiotics. Furthermore, E. coli DH5\u03b1 cells transformed with the plasmid isolated from E. coli strain 21 or E. coli strain 49 were found to be susceptible to ansamycins, quinolones, and sulfonamide groups of antibiotics. In contrast, both plasmid-cured and plasmid-transformed strains did not produce siderophores, indicating that the genes responsible for siderophores production were located on plasmids and regulated by genes located on the chromosome. On the basis of the obtained results, it could be concluded that there is a positive correlation between antibiotic resistance, especially to quinolones and sulfonamide groups, and siderophores production by E. coli strains used in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5114\/bta.2022.116211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T12:12:43Z","timestamp":1656677563000},"page":"169-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antibiotic resistance and siderophores production by clinical Escherichia coli strains"],"prefix":"10.5114","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Mohamed T.","family":"Khazaal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda H.","family":"El-Hendawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona I.","family":"Mabrouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed H. I.","family":"Faraag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa R.","family":"Bakkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref-1365002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0128120","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128120","article-title":"Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-and carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae isolated from Egyptian patients with suspected blood stream infection","volume":"10","author":"Abdallah H.M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdallah H.M., Wintermans B.B., Reuland E.A., Koek A., Naiemi N., Al Ammar A.M., Mohamed A.A., Vandenbroucke-Grauls C.M.J.E. (2015) Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-and carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae isolated from Egyptian patients with suspected blood stream infection. PLoS One. 10(5): e0128120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0128120","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref-1365003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3429","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-012-2420-3","article-title":"Comparison of antibiotic resistance patterns in collections of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis uropathogenic strains","volume":"40","author":"Adamus-Bialek W","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adamus-Bialek W., Zajac E., Parniewski P., Kaca W. (2013) Comparison of antibiotic resistance patterns in collections of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis uropathogenic strains. Mol. Biol. Rep. 40(4): 3429\u20133435.","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.319","article-title":"Identification and antimicrobial resistance prevalence of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains from treated wastewater effluents in Eastern Cape, South Africa","volume":"5","author":"Adefisoye M.A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adefisoye M.A., Okoh A.I. (2016) Identification and antimicrobial resistance prevalence of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains from treated wastewater effluents in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Microbiologyopen. 5(1): 143\u2013151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mbo3.319","journal-title":"Microbiologyopen"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.12117","article-title":"Siderophores in environmental research: roles and applications","volume":"7","author":"Ahmed E","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahmed E., Holmstr\u00f6m S.J.M. (2014) Siderophores in environmental research: roles and applications. Microb. Biotechnol. 7(3): 196\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1751-7915.12117","journal-title":"Microb. Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00369386","article-title":"Use of chrome azurol S reagents to evaluate siderophore production by rhizosphere bacteria","volume":"12","author":"Alexander D.B","year":"1991","unstructured":"Alexander D.B., Zuberer D.A. (1991) Use of chrome azurol S reagents to evaluate siderophore production by rhizosphere bacteria. Biol. Fertil. Soils. 12(1): 39\u201345.","journal-title":"Biol. Fertil. Soils"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref-1365007","first-page":"DC01","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic E. coli strains isolated from non-hospitalized patients in Pakistan","volume":"8","author":"Ali I","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ali I., Kumar N., Ahmed S., Dasti J.I. (2014) Antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic E. coli strains isolated from non-hospitalized patients in Pakistan. J. Clin. Diagnostic Res. J.C.D.R. 8(9): DC01.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagnostic Res. J.C.D.R"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2","article-title":"Basic local alignment search tool","volume":"215","author":"Altschul S.F","year":"1990","unstructured":"Altschul S.F., Gish W., Miller W., Myers E.W., Lipman D.J. (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol. 215(3): 403\u2013410.","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref-1365009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3517","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26123517","article-title":"Production of siderophores by an apple root-associated streptomyces ciscaucasicus strain gs2 using chemical and biological osmac approaches","volume":"26","author":"Armin R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Armin R., Z\u00fchlke S., Grunewaldt-St\u00f6cker G., Mahnkopp-Dirks F., Kusari S. (2021) Production of siderophores by an apple root-associated streptomyces ciscaucasicus strain gs2 using chemical and biological osmac approaches. Molecules 26(12): 3517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26123517.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12725","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49192-z","article-title":"HilD induces expression of a novel Salmonella Typhimurium invasion factor, YobH, through a regulatory cascade involving SprB","volume":"9","author":"Banda M.M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Banda M.M., Manzo R., Bustamante V.H. (2019) HilD induces expression of a novel Salmonella Typhimurium invasion factor, YobH, through a regulatory cascade involving SprB. Sci. Rep. 9(1): 12725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-49192-z","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-11-23","article-title":"Virulence profile of different phylogenetic groups of locally isolated community acquired uropathogenic E. coli from Faisalabad region of Pakistan","volume":"11","author":"Bashir S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bashir S., Haque A., Sarwar Y., Ali A., Anwar M.I. (2012) Virulence profile of different phylogenetic groups of locally isolated community acquired uropathogenic E. coli from Faisalabad region of Pakistan. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. 11(1): 1.","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref-1365012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/45.4_ts.493","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method","volume":"45","author":"Bauer A.W","year":"1966","unstructured":"Bauer A.W., Kirby W.M.M., Sherris J.C., Turck A.M., Graevenitz A. Von. (1966) Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 45(4): 493\u2013496.","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00797.x","article-title":"Escherichia colifrom animal reservoirs as a potential source of human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli","volume":"62","author":"Belanger L","year":"2011","unstructured":"Belanger L., Garenaux A., Harel J., Boulianne M., Nadeau E., Dozois C.M. (2011) Escherichia colifrom animal reservoirs as a potential source of human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. F.E.M.S Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 62(1): 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00797.x","journal-title":"F.E.M.S Immunol. Med. Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref-1365014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/7.6.1513","article-title":"A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA","volume":"7","author":"Bimboim H.C","year":"1979","unstructured":"Bimboim H.C., Doly J. (1979) A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucl. Acids Res. 7(6): 1513\u20131523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/7.6.1513","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106019","article-title":"Co-occurrence of aminoglycoside and \u03b2-lactam resistance mechanisms in aminoglycosidenon-susceptible Escherichia coli isolated in the Zurich area, Switzerland","volume":"56","author":"Bodendoerfer E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bodendoerfer E., Marchesi M., Imkamp F., Courvalin P., B\u00f6ttger E.C., Mancini S. (2020) Co-occurrence of aminoglycoside and \u03b2-lactam resistance mechanisms in aminoglycosidenon-susceptible Escherichia coli isolated in the Zurich area, Switzerland. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 56(1): 106019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"issue":"51","key":"ref-1365016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17602","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.REV120.007746","article-title":"Bacterial iron detoxification at the molecular level","volume":"295","author":"Bradley J.M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bradley J.M, Svistunenko D.A., Wilson M.T., Hemmings A.M., Moore G.R., Le Brun N.E. (2020) Bacterial iron detoxification at the molecular level. J. Biol. Chem. 295(51): 17602\u201317623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.REV120.007746","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"ref-1365017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3126\/ijasbt.v3i3.12924","article-title":"Extended spectrum beta lactamases detection and multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli from urine samples of patients from a referral hospital of Eastern Nepal","volume":"3","author":"Chakrawarti A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chakrawarti A., Dongol P., Khanal H., Subba P., Benerjee J.J. (2015) Extended spectrum beta lactamases detection and multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli from urine samples of patients from a referral hospital of Eastern Nepal. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. 3: 423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/ijasbt.v3i3.12924; http:\/\/www.nepjol.info\/index.php\/IJASBT\/article\/view\/12924","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13007","article-title":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae \u2013 clinical and molecular perspectives","volume":"287","author":"Choby J.E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choby J.E., Howard-Anderson J., Weiss D.S. (2020) Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae \u2013 clinical and molecular perspectives. J. Intern. Med. 287(3): 283\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.13007","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref-1365019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1007\/s11756-021-00697-x","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance crisis: challenges and imperatives","volume":"76","author":"Church N.A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Church N.A., McKillip J.L. (2021) Antibiotic resistance crisis: challenges and imperatives. Biologia (Bratisl). 76(5): 1535\u20131550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11756-021-00697-x","journal-title":"Biologia (Bratisl)"},{"key":"ref-1365020","volume-title":"CLSI M100-ED29: 2019 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"CLSI","year":"2019","unstructured":"CLSI (2019) CLSI M100-ED29: 2019 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 29th Edition.","edition":"29th Edition"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.3.1.18382","article-title":"Association between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Escherichia coli","volume":"3","author":"da Silva G.J","year":"2012","unstructured":"da Silva G.J., Mendon\u00e7a N. (2012) Association between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Escherichia coli. Virulence 3(1): 18\u201328.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref-1365022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9619","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249619","article-title":"Effects of Fe2+\/Fe3+ binding to human frataxin and its D122Y variant, as revealed by site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) EPR complemented by fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopies","volume":"21","author":"Doni D","year":"2020","unstructured":"Doni D., Passerini L., Audran G., Marque S.R., Schulz M., Santos J., Carbonera D. (2020) Effects of Fe2+\/Fe3+ binding to human frataxin and its D122Y variant, as revealed by site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) EPR complemented by fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopies. Intern. J. Mol. Sci. 21(24): 9619.","journal-title":"Intern. J. Mol. Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki158","article-title":"Risk factors for antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Dakar, Senegal","volume":"56","author":"Dromigny J.A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dromigny J.A., Nabeth P., Juergens-Behr A., Perrier-Gros-Claude J.D. (2005) Risk factors for antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Dakar, Senegal. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 56(1): 236\u2013239.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother"},{"key":"ref-1365024","volume-title":"Geneious v4.8","author":"Drummond A.J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Drummond A.J., Ashton B., Buxton S., Cheung M., Heled J., Kearse M., Moir R.S-HS., Thierer T.WA. (2014) Geneious v4.8."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref-1365025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340","article-title":"MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput","volume":"32","author":"Edgar R.C","year":"2004","unstructured":"Edgar R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucl. Acids Res. 32(5): 1792\u20131797.","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg101","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Cairo, Egypt 1999\u20132000: a survey of five hospitals","volume":"51","author":"El Kholy A","year":"2003","unstructured":"El Kholy A., Baseem H., Hall G.S., Procop G.W., Longworth D.L. (2003) Antimicrobial resistance in Cairo, Egypt 1999\u20132000: a survey of five hospitals. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51(3): 625\u2013630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkg101","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365027","first-page":"383","article-title":"The microbial ferrous wheel: Iron cycling in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments","volume":"31","author":"Emerson D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Emerson D., Roden E., Twining B.S. (2012) The microbial ferrous wheel: Iron cycling in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments. Front. Microbiol. 31(3): 383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00383","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s42506-020-00065-8","article-title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of multidrug-resistant bacteria among intensive care units patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals in Egypt\u2014a retrospective study","volume":"96","author":"Fahim N.A.E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fahim N.A.E. (2021) Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of multidrug-resistant bacteria among intensive care units patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals in Egypt\u2014a retrospective study. J. Egypt Public Health Assoc. 96(1): 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/1.1186\/s42506-020-00065-8","journal-title":"J. Egypt Public Health Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365029","first-page":"630","article-title":"Genome comparison between clinical and environmental strains of Herbaspirillum seropedicae reveals a potential new emerging bacterium adapted to human hosts","volume":"20","author":"Faoro H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Faoro H., Oliveira W.K., Weiss V.A., Tadra-Sfeir M.Z., Cardoso R.L., Balsanelli E., Brusamarello-Santos L.C.C., CamiliosNeto D., Cruz L.M., Raittz R.T. et al. (2019) Genome comparison between clinical and environmental strains of Herbaspirillum seropedicae reveals a potential new emerging bacterium adapted to human hosts. B.M.C Genomics. 20(1): 630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12864-019-5982-9","journal-title":"B.M.C Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.05.023","article-title":"The ins and outs of siderophore mediated iron uptake by extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli","volume":"153","author":"Gar\u00e9naux A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gar\u00e9naux A., Caza M., Dozois C.M. (2011) The ins and outs of siderophore mediated iron uptake by extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. Vet. Microbiol. 153(1): 89\u201398.","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol"},{"key":"ref-1365031","first-page":"5070742","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance profile of different clinical isolates against third-generation cephalosporins","volume":"2018","author":"Gashe F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gashe F., Mulisa E., Mekonnen M., Zeleke G. (2018) Antimicrobial resistance profile of different clinical isolates against third-generation cephalosporins. J. Pharm. 2018: 5070742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/5070742","journal-title":"J. Pharm"},{"key":"ref-1365032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-00814-6","article-title":"A Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307 outbreak clone from Germany demonstrates features of extensive drug resistance, hypermucoviscosity, and enhanced iron acquisition","volume":"12","author":"Heiden S.E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heiden S.E., H\u00fcbner N.O., Bohnert J.A., Heidecke C.D., Kramer A., Balau V., Gierer W., Schaefer S., Eckmanns T., Gatermann S. et al. (2020) A Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307 outbreak clone from Germany demonstrates features of extensive drug resistance, hypermucoviscosity, and enhanced iron acquisition. Genome Med. 12: 113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-020-00814-6","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2559-7","article-title":"Correlation between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"35","author":"Hennequin C","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hennequin C., Robin F. (2016) Correlation between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 35(3): 333\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-015-2559-7; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26718943","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref-1365034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1039\/C4MT00333K","article-title":"Diverging roles of bacterial siderophores during infection","volume":"7","author":"Holden V.I","year":"2015","unstructured":"Holden V.I., Bachman M.A. (2015) Diverging roles of bacterial siderophores during infection. Metallomics. 7(6): 986\u2013995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c4mt00333k","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"ref-1365035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S120","DOI":"10.1086\/428052","article-title":"Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones","volume":"41","author":"Jacoby G.A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jacoby G.A. (2005) Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones. Clin. Infect. Dis. 41(suppl. 2): S120\u2013S126.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref-1365036","first-page":"000597","article-title":"Comparative genomic analysis of Escherichia coli isolates from cases of bovine clinical mastitis identifies nine specific pathotype marker genes","volume":"7","author":"Jung D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jung D., Park S., Ruffini J., Dussault F., Dufour S., Ronholm J. (2021) Comparative genomic analysis of Escherichia coli isolates from cases of bovine clinical mastitis identifies nine specific pathotype marker genes. Microb. Genom. 7(7): 000597. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/MGEN.0.000597","journal-title":"Microb. Genom"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref-1365037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10040415","article-title":"Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in important grampositive and gram-negative pathogens and novel antibiotic solutions","volume":"10","author":"Kakoullis L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kakoullis L., Papachristodoulou E., Chra P., Panos G. (2021) Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in important grampositive and gram-negative pathogens and novel antibiotic solutions. Antibiotics 10(4): 415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics10040415","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref-1365038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-021-01062-1","article-title":"Evidence for methanobactin \u201cTheft\u201d and novel chalkophore production in methanotrophs: impact on methanotrophic-mediated methylmercury degradation","volume":"16","author":"Kang-Yun C.S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kang-Yun C.S., Liang X., Dershwitz P., Gu W., Schepers A., Flatley A., Lichtmannegger J., Zischka H., Zhang L., Lu X., et al. (2021) Evidence for methanobactin \u201cTheft\u201d and novel chalkophore production in methanotrophs: impact on methanotrophic-mediated methylmercury degradation. ISME J. 16: 211\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41396-021-01062-1","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0380","article-title":"High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical settings in Egypt: recalling for judicious use of conventional antimicrobials in developing nations","volume":"25","author":"Khalifa H.O","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khalifa H.O., Soliman A.M., Ahmed A.M., Shimamoto Toshi, Nariya H., Matsumoto T., Shimamoto Tadashi. (2019) High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical settings in Egypt: recalling for judicious use of conventional antimicrobials in developing nations. Microb. Drug. Resist. 25(3): 371\u2013385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2018.0380","journal-title":"Microb. Drug. Resist"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382007000100007","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance and trend of urinary pathogens in general outpatients from a major urban city","volume":"33","author":"Kiffer C.R","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kiffer C.R., Mendes C., Oplustil C.P., Sampaio J.L. (2007) Antibiotic resistance and trend of urinary pathogens in general outpatients from a major urban city. Int. Braz. J. Urol. 33(1): 42\u201349.","journal-title":"Int. Braz. J. Urol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref-1365041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5193","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c01005","article-title":"Iron acquisition systems of gram-negative bacterial pathogens define TonB-dependent pathways to novel antibiotics","volume":"121","author":"Klebba P.E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Klebba P.E., Newton S.M.C., Six D.A., Kumar A., Yang T., Nairn B.L., Munger C., Chakravorty S. (2021) Iron acquisition systems of gram-negative bacterial pathogens define TonB-dependent pathways to novel antibiotics. Chem. Rev. 121(9): 5193\u20135239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c01005","journal-title":"Chem. Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0284-4","article-title":"Bacterial siderophores in community and host interactions","volume":"18","author":"Kramer J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kramer J., \u00d6zkaya \u00d6., K\u00fcmmerli R. (2020) Bacterial siderophores in community and host interactions. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 18(3): 152\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41579-019-0284-4","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref-1365043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2010.02660.x","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance 1979\u20132009 at Karolinska hospital, Sweden: normalized resistance interpretation during a 30 year follow up on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli resistance development","volume":"118","author":"Kronvall G","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kronvall G. (2010) Antimicrobial resistance 1979\u20132009 at Karolinska hospital, Sweden: normalized resistance interpretation during a 30 year follow up on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli resistance development. APMIS 118(9): 621\u2013639.","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"ref-1365044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2012_303","volume-title":"Between pathogenicity and commensalism.","author":"Leimbach A","year":"2013","unstructured":"Leimbach A., Hacker J., Dobrindt U. (2013) E. coli as an allrounder: the thin line between commensalism and pathogenicity. [in:] Between pathogenicity and commensalism. Springer: 3\u201332."},{"issue":"11","key":"ref-1365045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6920","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01576-16","article-title":"Prevalence of quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from Sierra Leone and the detection of qnrB pseudogenes and modified LexA binding sites","volume":"60","author":"Leski T.A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leski T.A., Stockelman M.G., Bangura U., Chae D., Ansumana R., Stenger D.A., Vora G.J., Taitt C.R. (2016) Prevalence of quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from Sierra Leone and the detection of qnrB pseudogenes and modified LexA binding sites. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 60(11): 6920\u20136923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.01576-16","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3880-z","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factor for community-onset third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli bacteremia at a medical center in Taiwan","volume":"19","author":"Lin W.P","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin W.P., Huang Y.S., Wang J.T., Chen Y.C., Chang S.C. (2019) Prevalence of and risk factor for community-onset third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli bacteremia at a medical center in Taiwan. BMC Infect. Dis. 19(1): 245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-3880-z","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365047","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance and siderophore production in enterococci","volume":"66","author":"Lisiecki P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lisiecki P. (2013) Antibiotic resistance and siderophore production in enterococci. Med. Dosw. Mikrobiol. 66(1): 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Med. Dosw. Mikrobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bsheal.2020.09.004","article-title":"Use of antimicrobials in food animals and impact of transmission of antimicrobial resistance on humans","volume":"3","author":"Ma F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma F., Xu S., Tang Z., Li Z., Zhang L. (2021) Use of antimicrobials in food animals and impact of transmission of antimicrobial resistance on humans. Biosaf. Heal. 3(1): 32\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bsheal.2020.09.004","journal-title":"Biosaf. Heal"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365049","first-page":"268","article-title":"Bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance","volume":"18","author":"Magiorakos A.-P","year":"2011","unstructured":"Magiorakos A.-P., Srinivasan A., Carey R.B., Carmeli Y., Falagas M.E., Giske C.G., Harbarth S., Hindler J.F. (2011) Bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Microbiology 18(3): 268\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref-1365050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S222698","article-title":"Prevalence of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic escherichia coli in a tertiary care hospital in south iran","volume":"12","author":"Malekzadegan Y","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malekzadegan Y., Rastegar E., Moradi M., Heidari H., Ebrahim-Saraie H.S. (2019) Prevalence of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic escherichia coli in a tertiary care hospital in south iran. Infect. Drug. Resist. 12: 2175\u20132176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S206966","journal-title":"Infect. Drug. Resist"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9788","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46078-y","article-title":"Antibiotic drug-resistance as a complex system driven by socio-economic growth and antibiotic misuse","volume":"9","author":"Malik B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malik B., Bhattacharyya S. (2019) Antibiotic drug-resistance as a complex system driven by socio-economic growth and antibiotic misuse. Sci. Rep. 9(1): 9788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-46078-y","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"ref-1365052","volume-title":"Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual.","author":"Maniatis T","year":"1982","unstructured":"Maniatis T., Fritsch E.F., Sambrook J. (1982) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, New York."},{"key":"ref-1365053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00381","article-title":"Siderophore-microcins in Escherichia coli: determinants of digestive colonization, the first step toward virulence","volume":"10","author":"Massip C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Massip C., Oswald E. (2020) Siderophore-microcins in Escherichia coli: determinants of digestive colonization, the first step toward virulence. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 10: 381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00381","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref-1365054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.7426","article-title":"Carbapenemases and extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Tunisian and Libyan hospitals","volume":"10","author":"Mathlouthi N","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mathlouthi N., Al-Bayssari C., El Salabi A., Bakour S., Gwierif S. Ben., Zorgani A.A., Jridi Y., Slama K. Ben., Rolain J.-M., Chouchani C. (2016) Carbapenemases and extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Tunisian and Libyan hospitals. J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. 10(07): 718\u2013727.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Ctries"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref-1365055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3595","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13857","article-title":"Siderophore production in Azotobacter vinelandii in response to Fe-, Mo- and V-limitation","volume":"19","author":"McRose D.L","year":"2017","unstructured":"McRose D.L., Baars O., Morel F.M.M., Kraepiel A.M.L. (2017) Siderophore production in Azotobacter vinelandii in response to Fe-, Mo- and V-limitation. Environ. Microbiol. 19(9): 3595\u20133605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1462-2920.13857","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref-1365056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s00775-018-1617-x","article-title":"Multiple siderophores: bug or feature?","volume":"23","author":"McRose D.L","year":"2018","unstructured":"McRose D.L., Seyedsayamdost M.R., Morel F.M.M. (2018) Multiple siderophores: bug or feature? J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. 23(7): 983\u2013993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00775-018-1617-x","journal-title":"J. Biol. Inorg. Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afju.2013.11.005","article-title":"Diversity and antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic bacteria from Abidjan","volume":"20","author":"Moroh J.-L","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moroh J.-L., Fleury Y., Tia H., Bahi C., Lietard C., Coroller L., Edoh V., Coulibaly A., Labia R., Leguerinel I. (2014) Diversity and antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic bacteria from Abidjan. African. J. Urol. 20(1): 18\u201324.","journal-title":"African. J. Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref-1365058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0063-2019","article-title":"Corynebacterium diphtheriae: diphtheria toxin, the tox Operon, and its regulation by Fe2+ activation of apo-DtxR","volume":"7","author":"Parveen S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parveen S., Bishai W.R., Murphy J.R. (2019) Corynebacterium diphtheriae: diphtheria toxin, the tox Operon, and its regulation by Fe2+ activation of apo-DtxR. Microbiol. Spectrum 7(4): 7\u201314.","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectrum"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref-1365059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.03.013","article-title":"Resistance in gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacteriaceae","volume":"119","author":"Paterson D.L","year":"2006","unstructured":"Paterson D.L. (2006) Resistance in gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacteriaceae. Am. J. Med. 119(6): S20\u2013S28.","journal-title":"Am. J. Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref-1365060","first-page":"e01451","article-title":"Genome-wide characterization of the fur regulatory network reveals a link between catechol degradation and bacillibactin metabolism in bacillus subtilis","volume":"9","author":"Pi H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pi H., Helmann J.D. (2018) Genome-wide characterization of the fur regulatory network reveals a link between catechol degradation and bacillibactin metabolism in bacillus subtilis. mBio 9(5): e01451-18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.01451-18","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref-1365061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50020","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050020","article-title":"Role of catecholate siderophores in gram-negative bacterial colonization of the mouse gut","volume":"7","author":"Pi H","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pi H., Jones S.A., Mercer L.E., Meador J.P., Caughron J.E., Jordan L., Newton S.M., Conway T., Klebba P.E. (2012) Role of catecholate siderophores in gram-negative bacterial colonization of the mouse gut. PLoS One 7(11): e50020.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref-1365062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00009","article-title":"Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli: a combination of virulence with antibiotic resistance","volume":"3","author":"Pitout J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pitout J. (2012) Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli: a combination of virulence with antibiotic resistance. Front. Microbiol. 3: 9.","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref-1365063","first-page":"4976","article-title":"Anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of micro-organisms associated with urinary tract infections in a tertiary health institution in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Pondei K","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pondei K., Oladapo O., Kunle-Olowu O.E. (2012) Anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of micro-organisms associated with urinary tract infections in a tertiary health institution in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. African. J. Microbiol. Res. 6(23): 4976\u20134982.","journal-title":"African. J. Microbiol. Res"},{"key":"ref-1365064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S201849","article-title":"Changing antibiotic susceptibility pattern in uropathogenic escherichia coli over a period of 5 years in a tertiary care center","volume":"12","author":"Prasada S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prasada S., Bhat A., Bhat S., Mulki S.S., Tulasidas S. (2019) Changing antibiotic susceptibility pattern in uropathogenic escherichia coli over a period of 5 years in a tertiary care center. Infect. Drug. Resist. 12: 1439\u20131443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S201849","journal-title":"Infect. Drug. Resist"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref-1365065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.PLAS-0016-2013","article-title":"Plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance and virulence in Gram-negatives: the Klebsiella pneumoniae paradigm","volume":"2","author":"Ramirez M.S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramirez M.S., Traglia G.M., Lin D.L., Tran T., Tolmasky M.E. (2014) Plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance and virulence in Gram-negatives: the Klebsiella pneumoniae paradigm. Microbiol. Spectr. 2(5): 1.","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref-1365066","first-page":"504","article-title":"Prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli in an Indian teaching hospital and adjoining communities","volume":"10","author":"Rath S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rath S., Padhy R.N. (2015) Prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli in an Indian teaching hospital and adjoining communities. J. Taibah. Univ. Med. Sci. 10(4): 504\u2013508.","journal-title":"J. Taibah. Univ. Med. Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365067","first-page":"105","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance: what, why, where, when and how? Br","volume":"116","author":"Sabtu N","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sabtu N., Enoch D.A, Brown N.M. (2015) Antibiotic resistance: what, why, where, when and how? Br. Med. Bull. 116(1): 105\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bmb\/ldv041","journal-title":"Med. Bull"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref-1365068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3984","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4294-0","article-title":"Microbial siderophores and their potential applications: a review","volume":"23","author":"Saha M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saha M., Sarkar S., Sarkar B., Sharma B.K., Bhattacharjee S., Tribedi P. (2016) Microbial siderophores and their potential applications: a review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23(5): 3984\u20133999.","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref-1365069","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees","volume":"4","author":"Saitou N","year":"1987","unstructured":"Saitou N., Nei M. (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4(4): 406\u2013425.","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol"},{"key":"ref-1365070","first-page":"14","volume-title":"Molecular cloning.","author":"Sambrook J","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F., Maniatis T. (1989) Molecular cloning. New York. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2: 14\u201319."},{"issue":"21","key":"ref-1365071","first-page":"e01620","article-title":"Ferric uptake regulator Fur coordinates siderophore production and defense against iron toxicity and oxidative stress and contributes to virulence in Chromobacterium violaceum","volume":"86","author":"De Souza Santos R.E.R","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Souza Santos R.E.R., Batista B.B., da Silva Neto J.F. (2020) Ferric uptake regulator Fur coordinates siderophore production and defense against iron toxicity and oxidative stress and contributes to virulence in Chromobacterium violaceum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 86(21): e01620-20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.01620-20","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-019-0290-0","article-title":"Virulence factors, prevalence and potential transmission of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from different sources: recent reports","volume":"11","author":"Sarowska J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sarowska J., Futoma-Koloch B., Jama-Kmiecik A., Frej-Madrzak M., Ksiazczyk M., Bugla-Ploskonska G., Choroszy-Krol I. (2019) Virulence factors, prevalence and potential transmission of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from different sources: recent reports. Gut. Pathog. 11(1): 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13099-019-0290-0","journal-title":"Gut. Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90612-9","article-title":"Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores","volume":"160","author":"Schwyn B","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schwyn B., Neilands J.B. (1987) Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores. Anal. Biochem. 160(1): 47\u201356.","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem"},{"key":"ref-1365074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117906","article-title":"Variation in siderophore biosynthetic gene distribution and production across environmental and faecal populations of Escherichia coli","volume":"10","author":"Searle L.J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Searle L.J., M\u00e9ric G., Porcelli I., Sheppard S.K., Lucchini S. (2015) Variation in siderophore biosynthetic gene distribution and production across environmental and faecal populations of Escherichia coli. PLoS One 10: 1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0117906","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.1874855","article-title":"Iron homeostasis in host and gut bacteria\u2013a complex interrelationship","volume":"13","author":"Seyoum Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Seyoum Y., Baye K., Humblot C. (2021) Iron homeostasis in host and gut bacteria\u2013a complex interrelationship. Gut. Microbes. 13(1): 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2021.1874855","journal-title":"Gut. Microbes"},{"key":"ref-1365076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800056922","article-title":"The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in human faecal flora in South Africa","volume":"111","author":"Shanahan P.M.A","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shanahan P.M.A., Wylie B.A., Adrian P.V., Koornhof H.J., Thomson C.J., Amyes S.G.B. (1993) The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in human faecal flora in South Africa. Epidemiol. Infec. 111: 221\u2013228.","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infec"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref-1365077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1805.111153","article-title":"Antimicrobial drug resistance in Escherichia coli from humans and food animals, United States, 1950\u20132002","volume":"18","author":"Tadesse D.A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tadesse D.A., Zhao S., Tong E., Ayers S., Singh A., Bartholomew M.J., McDermott P.F. (2012) Antimicrobial drug resistance in Escherichia coli from humans and food animals, United States, 1950\u20132002. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 18(5): 741\u2013749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1805.111153","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365078","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility, serogroups and virulence genes of uropathogenic E. coli isolated from clinical samples in Iran. Antimicrob","volume":"5","author":"Tajbakhsh E","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tajbakhsh E., Ahmadi P., Abedpour-Dehkordi E., Arbab-Soleimani N., Khamesipour F. (2016) Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility, serogroups and virulence genes of uropathogenic E. coli isolated from clinical samples in Iran. Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control. 5(1): 1.","journal-title":"Resist. Infect. Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref-1365079","first-page":"512","article-title":"Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees","volume":"10","author":"Tamura K","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tamura K., Nei M. (1993) Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10(3): 512\u2013526.","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref-1365080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0191860","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191860","article-title":"Distribution of siderophore gene systems on a Vibrionaceae phylogeny: Database searches, phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Thode S.K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thode S.K., Rojek E., Kozlowski M., Ahmad R., Haugen P. (2018) Distribution of siderophore gene systems on a Vibrionaceae phylogeny: Database searches, phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary perspectives. PLoS One 13(2): e0191860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0191860","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref-1365081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01189.x","article-title":"Plasmid curing in bacteria","volume":"1","author":"Trevors J.T","year":"1986","unstructured":"Trevors J.T. (1986) Plasmid curing in bacteria. FEMS. Microbiol. Lett. 1(3\u20134): 149\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0378-1097(86)90286-7","journal-title":"FEMS. Microbiol. Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.44988","article-title":"Siderophore production by uropathogenic Escherichia coli","volume":"52","author":"Vagrali M.A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vagrali M.A. (2009) Siderophore production by uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Indian. J. Pathol. Microbiol. 52(1): 126.","journal-title":"Indian. J. Pathol. Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref-1365083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0138088","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138088","article-title":"Trends in expanded-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among Dutch clinical isolates, from 2008 to 2012","volume":"10","author":"Van Der Steen M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Der Steen M., Leenstra T., Kluytmans J.A.J.W., Van Der Bij A.K. (2015) Trends in expanded-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among Dutch clinical isolates, from 2008 to 2012. PLoS One 10(9): e0138088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0138088","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"ref-1365084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2005.07.002","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli and therapeutic implications","volume":"295","author":"Von Baum H","year":"2005","unstructured":"Von Baum H., Marre R. (2005) Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli and therapeutic implications. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 295(6\u20137): 503\u2013511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijmm.2005.07.002","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref-1365085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2014.72","article-title":"Drug resistance and virulence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Shanghai, China","volume":"67","author":"Wang Y","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang Y., Zhao S., Han L., Guo X., Chen M., Ni Y., Zhang Y., Cui Z., He P. (2014) Drug resistance and virulence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Shanghai, China. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo). 67(12): 799\u2013805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ja.2014.72; http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/ja.2014.72","journal-title":"J. Antibiot. (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref-1365086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3339\/jkspn.2019.23.1.22","article-title":"Antibiotic sensitivity patterns in children with urinary tract infection: retrospective study over 8 years in a single center","volume":"23","author":"Woo B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Woo B., Jung Y., Kim H.S. (2019) Antibiotic sensitivity patterns in children with urinary tract infection: retrospective study over 8 years in a single center. Child. Kidney Dis. 23(1): 22\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3339\/jkspn.2019.23.1.22","journal-title":"Child. Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref-1365087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9571","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa696","article-title":"YdiV regulates Escherichia coli ferric uptake by manipulating the DNA-binding ability of Fur in a SlyD-dependent manner","volume":"48","author":"Zhang F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang F., Li B., Dong H., Chen M., Yao S., Li J., Zhang H., Liu X., Wang H., Song N., et al. (2020) YdiV regulates Escherichia coli ferric uptake by manipulating the DNA-binding ability of Fur in a SlyD-dependent manner. Nucl. Acids Res. 48(17): 9571\u20139588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkaa696","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res"}],"container-title":["BioTechnologia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.termedia.pl\/doi_ft\/10.5114\/bta.2022.116211","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:05:53Z","timestamp":1741349153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.biotechnologia-journal.org\/Antibiotic-resistance-and-siderophores-production-by-clinical-Escherichia-coli-strains,147030,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"alternative-id":["147030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/bta.2022.116211","relation":{},"ISSN":["0860-7796","2353-9461"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0860-7796","type":"print"},{"value":"2353-9461","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]}}}