{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T10:09:45Z","timestamp":1767953385157,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cent Eur J Immunol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excessive release of inflammatory cytokines in severe infections significantly contributes to the onset and progression of sepsis, a condition linked to elevated mortality rates in intensive\n\ncare units. However, the lack of effective sepsis treatment strategies remains a significant challenge\nin critical care medicine. The use of anti-inflammatory agents against sepsis has advantages. Urinary\ntrypsin inhibitor (UTI), a serine protease inhibitor obtained from the urine of healthy males, finds broad\napplication in patients with inflammatory conditions such as shock, pancreatitis, and trauma. This\ninvestigation aimed to examine the impact and underlying mechanism of UTI in mice with sepsis and\nTHP-1 cells stimulated by bacterial lipoprotein (BLP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>C57BL\/6J mice were divided into the control, sham operation, cecal ligation\nand puncture (CLP), and UTI + CLP groups. Histological staining was performed to assess heart and\nlung injury. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to analyze myocardial mitochondrial\n\ninjury. The creatine kinase-myoglobin binding and aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme were detected by evaluating heart injury. Serum interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) levels were identified using enzyme-linked\n\nimmunosorbent assay. Human monocyte-derived THP-1 cells were cultured and divided into the control,\nBLP, and BLP + UTI (10, 100, 1000 U\/ml, respectively) groups. Cell supernatant and extracted proteins\nfrom cultured cells treated at different UTI concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 U\/ml) were collected to\nevaluate the tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) and IL-1\u03b2 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent\nassay. Western blot analysis was executed to evaluate the level of expression of nuclear factor kappa B\n(NF-\u03baB), phosphorylated-I\u03baB, I\u03baB, phosphorylated protein 38, and protein 38.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CLP group exhibited elevated levels of creatine kinase-myoglobin binding, aspartate\naminotransferase, and IL-1\u03b2. However, after the administration of UTI, these levels decreased. UTI\ntreatment proved effective in improving inflammatory injury in the heart and lung tissues in septic mice.\n\nFurthermore, it reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines in THP-1 cells stimulated by BLP. Additionally, treatment with UTI decreased the activity of NF-\u03baB and upregulated the protein expression\n\nlevels of phosphorylated-I\u03baB and phosphorylated protein 38 in THP-1 cells induced by BLP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UTI can effectively inhibit BLP-induced activation of the NF-\u03baB\/I\u03baB and protein 38\/\nmitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways, thereby suppressing the inflammatory response\nand improving sepsis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/ceji.2025.151923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T12:03:53Z","timestamp":1756901033000},"page":"210-218","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Urinary trypsin inhibitor: anti-inflammatory effects in septic mice and molecular insights in bacterial lipoprotein-induced THP-1 cells"],"prefix":"10.5114","author":[{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binghui","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1533559","unstructured":"Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. 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