{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T12:13:19Z","timestamp":1760098399489,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Termedia Sp. z.o.o.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pol J Radiol"],"abstract":"Purpose<\/jats:title>Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a\u00a0prevalent vascular condition that can lead to serious complications, including pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome. Despite advances in endovascular therapies, the absence of a\u00a0standardised method for evaluating venous recanalisation impedes consistent outcome reporting and inter-study comparisons. We developed the DVT Recanalisation Scale (DVT RS), integrating anatomical and functional criteria to provide a\u00a0reproducible method for assessing recanalisation following endovascular treatment of DVT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Material and methods<\/jats:title>This retrospective pilot study included 31 patients with predominantly iliofemoral DVT treated via catheter-directed thromboaspiration and other endovascular techniques. Recanalisation was assessed using phlebographic imaging acquired in multiple projections with compression manoeuvres. Four independent ope\u00adrators (three interventional radiologists, one interventional angiologist) scored recanalisation using the DVT RS. The scale classifies recanalisation into five grades: Grade 0 (no recanalisation), Grade 1 (partial recanalisation without spontaneous flow), Grade 2A (flow with stenosis > 50%), Grade 2B (flow with residual stenosis < 50%), and Grade 3 (complete recanalisation with normal flow). A\u00a0supplemental \u201c(S)\u201d suffix indicates use of stenting. Interobserver reliability was measured using Cohen\u2019s k.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Interobserver agreement exceeded 90%, with Cohen\u2019s k > 0.90 (p < 0.001), indicating excellent reproducibility based on phlebographic evaluation. While this analysis relied solely on phlebography, we recommend incorporating multimodal imaging \u2013 including intravascular ultrasound and Dyna-CT \u2013 for optimal assessment of residual stenosis and flow.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>The DVT RS is a\u00a0reproducible and adaptable tool for standardising the assessment of venous recanalisation. It supports improved outcome reporting and facilitates robust comparisons between clinical endpoints and intravascular results. Prospective validation in larger cohorts is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5114\/pjr\/207976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T11:47:01Z","timestamp":1760096821000},"page":"471-474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The DVT Recanalisation Scale (DVT RS): a\u00a0novel tool for standardised assessment of venous recanalisation in deep vein thrombosis"],"prefix":"10.5114","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2392-6466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arkadiusz","family":"Kaca\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8872-6639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u0119drzej","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Dy\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7555-6201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Szuba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9781-2114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Guzi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1527651","unstructured":"Heit JA, Silverstein MD, Mohr DN, Petterson TM, O\u2019Fallon WM, Melton LJ 3rd, et al. The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in the community. Thromb Haemost 2000; 83: 736-740."},{"key":"ref-1527652","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kearon C, Akl EA, Ornelas J, Blaivas A, Jimenez D, Bounameaux H, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest 2016; 149: 315-352.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.026"},{"key":"ref-1527653","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Enden T, Haig Y, Kl\u00f8w NE, Slagsvold CE, Sandvik L, Ghanima W, et al. Long-term outcome after additional catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard treatment for acute iliofemoral DVT (CaVenT). Lancet 2012; 379: 31-38.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61753-4"},{"key":"ref-1527654","unstructured":"Marder VJ, Soulen RL, Atichartakarn V, Budzynski AZ, Parulekar S, Kim JR, et al. Quantitative venographic assessment of deep vein thrombosis in the leg. Circulation 1977; 55: 864-868."},{"key":"ref-1527655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Subcommittee on Reporting Standards in Venous Disease, Ad Hoc Committee on Reporting Standards, Society for Vascular Surgery\/North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery. Porter JM, Rutherford RB, Clagett GP, Cranley JJ, O\u2019Do\u00adnnell TF, Raju S, et al. Reporting standards in venous disease. J Vasc Surg 1988; 8: 725-738.","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(88)90406-5"},{"key":"ref-1527656","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baccellieri D, Apruzzi L, Ardita V, Bilman V, De Cobelli F, Melissano G, Chiesa R, et al. Intraoperative completion cone-beam computed tomography for the assessment of residual lesions after primary treatment of proximal venous outflow obstructions. Phlebology 2021; 37: 55-62.","DOI":"10.1177\/02683555211030716"},{"key":"ref-1527657","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42155-024-00495-x"}],"container-title":["Polish Journal of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.polradiol.com\/pdf-207976-129416","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.polradiol.com\/pdf-207976-129416","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T11:47:05Z","timestamp":1760096825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.polradiol.com\/The-DVT-Recanalisation-Scale-DVT-RS-a-novel-tool-for-standardised-assessment-of-venous,207976,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"references-count":7,"alternative-id":["207976"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/pjr\/207976","relation":{},"ISSN":["1899-0967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1899-0967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]}}}