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In APS-3, rheumatic diseases such as RA, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome may coexist with Hashimoto\u2019s disease, type 1 diabetes and hypogonadism or other endocrinopathies. \nUndiagnosed endocrine diseases may be the reason for the intensification of metabolic disorders observed in the course of rheumatic diseases, cause the ineffectiveness of rheumatological treatment and also increase the frequency of bone fractures due to osteoporosis, cardiovascular complications and even miscarriages when coexistent, e.g. Hashimoto\u2019s disease with hypothyroiditis, which increases the risk of pregnancy loss.\nIt is important to be able to conduct an extensive interview, paying attention to the symptoms of possible endocrinopathy as well as the features of other autoimmune disorders in the physical examination (e.g. vitiligo or darkening of the skin in Addison\u2019s disease). Depending on the history and physical examination, screening for various APSs is advised.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5114\/reum\/170266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T06:43:11Z","timestamp":1693809791000},"page":"225-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes associated with autoimmune rheumatic diseases"],"prefix":"10.5114","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1437-050X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Jankowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Dudek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Stasiek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Suchta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3061","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-934984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.723532"},{"key":"ref-934985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00377"},{"key":"ref-934986","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frommer L, Kahaly GJ. 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