{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:50:07Z","timestamp":1778219407263,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Caleo","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Adv Otol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Although many studies have suggested that air cells may play an important role in sigmoid sinus diverticulum and\/or dehiscence (SSDD)-induced pulsatile tinnitus (PT), the exact effects remain unclear. This study aims to quantitatively investigate the effect of different\u00a0degrees of pneumatization of temporal bone on sound transmission from the sigmoid sinus to the tympanic cavity.\n\nMETHODS: In the clinical study, 25 patients were enrolled to measure the sound intensity and frequency of SSDD-induced PT. In the experimental\u00a0study, sound inputs at different frequencies at the dehiscent sigmoid plate were measured and compared among realistic object models of different\u00a0degrees of pneumatization, when sound intensity in the tympanic cavity was fixed as the level of the PT sound intensity sensed by patients.\n\nRESULTS: The sound intensity sensed by PT patients was 34.0 \u00b1 13.0 dB SPL, which represented the sound intensity in the tympanic cavity transmitted\u00a0from the dehiscent sigmoid plate. In the experimental study, when sound received in the tympanic cavity was fixed at 34 dB SPL, the mean\u00a0inputs of sound intensity at the dehiscent sigmoid plate were 46.9, 46.2, 45.2, 47.1, 57, 57.4, and 74.1 dB SPL in a hypo-pneumatized model; 42.6,\u00a043, 41.5, 43.2, 47.3, 58.2, and 78.8 dB SPL in a moderately pneumatized model; 52.6, 52.8, 48.1, 61, 64.2, 82.4, and &gt;87.3 dB SPL in a well-pneumatized\u00a0model; and 47.2, 46.2, 45.4, 49.4, 54.9, 66.6, and 77.7 dB SPL in hyper-pneumatized model, with increased sound frequencies (125-8000 Hz).\u00a0The mean sound transmission distances were 41.7 mm, 45.2 mm, 47.6 mm, and 48.4 mm in successively better pneumatized models.\n\nCONCLUSION: Sound reduces while passing through air cells and attenuation is lowest in the moderately pneumatized temporal bone, followed\u00a0by the hypo- and hyper-pneumatized temporal bones, and the highest in the well-pneumatized temporal bone. Lower-frequency sound attenuation\u00a0(\u22641000 Hz) is less than that of higher-frequency sound (&gt;1000 Hz).\n\nCite this article as: Liu Z, Liu W, He X, Li W, Zhang L. The effect of degree of temporal bone Pneumatization on sound transmission of Pulsatile\u00a0tinnitus induced by sigmoid sinus diverticulum and\/or dehiscence: A clinical and experimental study. J Int Adv Otol. 2021; 17(4): 319-324.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2021.9449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T09:18:34Z","timestamp":1626427114000},"page":"319-324","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Effect of Degree of Temporal Bone Pneumatization on Sound Transmission of Pulsatile Tinnitus Induced by Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum and\/or Dehiscence: A Clinical and Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.65717","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhaohui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baowei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lirong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"55248","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of International Advanced Otology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.advancedotology.org\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/1509\/1507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.advancedotology.org\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/1532\/1529","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.advancedotology.org\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/1532\/1529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T10:42:42Z","timestamp":1769078562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.advancedotology.org\/index.php\/pub\/article\/view\/1532"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/iao.2021.9449","relation":{},"ISSN":["2148-3817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2148-3817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]}}}