{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T15:07:32Z","timestamp":1788793652206,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AOTT"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To compare the use of cannulated screws in an inverted triangular configuration, medial buttress plates, and the combination of these 2 fixation methods in the treatment of Pauwels type 3 femoral neck fractures.\n\nMethods: Twenty-eight anatomical composite third-generation femoral bone models were divided into 4 groups. The control group (group 1) was formed with 7 third-generation intact bone models. The fracture model was created with a 70\u00b0 cutting block to fit 21 Pauwels type 3 fracture configurations. Seven models were fixed with an isolated 3.5 mm one-third semi-tubular medial buttress plate (group 2), 7 were fixed in an inverted triangular configuration with 6.5 mm cannulated screws (group 3), and 7 were fixed using a combination of 6.5 mm cannulated screws and a medial buttress plate (group 4). Cyclic loading was applied using axial forces ranging from 60 N to 600 N and moments ranging from 0.7 Nm to 7.0 Nm for 500 cycles. Once the cyclic loading stage was completed, the loads were removed from the system, and the quasi-static loading stage was employed to determine the stiffness and failure forces of the system under both axial and torsional forces. Quasi-static tests were performed with an axial speed of 1.8 mm\/min and a torsional speed of 4.5\u00b0\/min. The biomechanical properties of all groups were examined in terms of axial stiffness, torsional stiffness, and maximum axial force parameters.\n\nResults: The stiffness values of groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 303 \u00b1 35.8 N\/mm, 159.6 \u00b1 25 N\/mm, 232 \u00b1 35.9 N\/mm, and 366.9 \u00b1 58 N\/mm, respectively, under axial forces (P &lt; .01); 2172.7 \u00b1 252.1 Nmm\/\u00b0, 1225.3 \u00b1 238.6 Nmm\/\u00b0, 2123 \u00b1 359.4 Nmm\/\u00b0, and 2721.85 \u00b1 304 Nmm\/\u00b0, respectively, under torsional moments (P &lt; .01); and 2072.1 \u00b1 256.1 N, 1379.9 \u00b1 290.6 N, 2099.1 \u00b1 454.2 N, and 2648.4 \u00b1 364.6 N, respectively, under the maximum force (P &lt; .01).\n\nConclusion: This study showed that in the fixation of Pauwels type 3 fractures formed on third-generation bone models, the utilization of half-thread cannulated screws in an inverted triangle configuration, along with a medial buttress plate, provided stronger fixation compared to the remaining implant groups and the control group. According to the evaluation of the parameters, the isolated application of a medial buttress plate had poorer biomechanical properties than other fixation methods.\n\nCite this article as: K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 F, Polat A, Yamak F, Bozdag E, Fidan F, Ba\u015far H. Biomechanical comparison of fixation methods on 3rd generation femoral composite bone models in pauwels type 3 femoral neck fractures: Contribution of the medial buttress plate to fixation. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc., 2023;57(5):243-249.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5152\/j.aott.2023.22127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T03:58:46Z","timestamp":1696996726000},"page":"243-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biomechanical comparison of fixation methods on third-generation femoral composite bone models in Pauwels type 3 femoral neck fractures: Contribution of the medial buttress plate to fixation"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Feyzi","family":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulkadir","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"Yamak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erg\u00fcn","family":"Bozdag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u0131rat","family":"Fidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakan","family":"Ba\u015far","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"container-title":["Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/3866\/3812","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T10:44:06Z","timestamp":1763462646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/view\/3866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/j.aott.2023.22127","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-1294","1017-995X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-1294","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1017-995X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]}}}