{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T22:22:20Z","timestamp":1780352540630,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564012800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: Multiple factors have been linked to pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Until now, few studies have investigated the role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) signaling in these diseases. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the prevalence of SIBO and the TLR-4 expression in patients with pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.\n\n Materials and Methods: A total of 90 human subjects suffering from pancreatic carcinoma (n=30), cholangiocarcinoma (n=30), and healthy controls (n=30) were enrolled in the study. A glucose hydrogen breath test (GHBT) was used to evaluate SIBO. The TLR4 protein expression was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC).\n\n Results: The positive rate of SIBO was 63.3% in the pancreatic cancer group and 46.7% in patients with cholangiocarcinoma, which was significantly greater than 13.3% in the healthy control group (p&lt;0.05). An IHC analysis revealed that the TLR-4 protein expression in the SIBO-positive pancreatic carcinoma patients was significantly higher than that in the SIBO-negative patients (p&lt;0.05), and the same result was in the cholangiocarcinoma subjects. In addition, a correlation analysis identified the positive relationship between the prevalence of SIBO and the TLR-4 protein expression in pancreatic carcinoma (r=0.489), and the same result was in the cholangiocarcinoma subjects.\n\n Conclusion: Our findings indicate a high prevalence of SIBO in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, and SIBO displays a positive correlation with the TLR-4 expression, suggesting that SIBO could be a risk factor for the pathogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, in which the TLR4 signaling may be involved.\n\n Cite this article as: Ma X, Wang H, Zhang P, Xu L, Tian Z. Association between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and toll-like receptor 4 in patients with pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Turk J Gastroenterol 2019; 30(2): 177-83.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2018.17512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T07:06:55Z","timestamp":1542352015000},"page":"177-183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Association between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and toll-like receptor 4 in patients with pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heju","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zibin","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"container-title":["Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.turkjgastroenterol.org\/index.php\/tjg\/article\/download\/4532\/4219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:14:30Z","timestamp":1773306870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.turkjgastroenterol.org\/index.php\/tjg\/article\/view\/4532"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/tjg.2018.17512","relation":{},"ISSN":["2148-5607"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2148-5607","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]}}}