{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T05:56:24Z","timestamp":1792734984849,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To investigate the association between interleukin-21 (IL-21) expression level and virological relapse (VR) of HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) after discontinuance of entecavir (ETV).\n\nMethods: The serum IL-21 level of 112 CHB patients was measured at 0, 12, 24, 52, and 104 weeks after ETV discontinuance. ELISA was used for the measurement of serum IL-21 level. VR was defined as two continuous examinations with an interval of 1 month with both showing HBV DNA &gt;10 000 copies\/mL after drug discontinuance.\n\nResults: The serum IL-21 levels at 0, 12, 24, 52, and 104 weeks after discontinuance of ETV were significantly higher in the durable virological remission (DVR) group than in the VR group (all P &lt; .01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.728 (95% CI: 0.630-0.827, P &lt; .001), while the best cut-off value was 49.8 pg\/mL. Multivariate Cox model showed that the factors affecting the relapse included age, followed by HBsAg level at the serological conversion of HBeAg and serum IL-21 level (all P &lt; .05).\n\nConclusion: Serum IL-21 level at ETV discontinuance is an independent risk factor for CHB relapse. IL-21 acts as an immunomodulatory factor in maintaining DVR in HBeAg positive CHB patients after ETV discontinuance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2021.19703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T09:09:15Z","timestamp":1620205755000},"page":"178-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["IL-21 Is Associated With Virological Relapse of HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B After Discontinuance of Entecavir"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Lihua","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhe","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanwang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"container-title":["Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.turkjgastroenterol.org\/index.php\/tjg\/article\/download\/3703\/3366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T11:17:14Z","timestamp":1773227834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.turkjgastroenterol.org\/index.php\/tjg\/article\/view\/3703"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/tjg.2021.19703","relation":{},"ISSN":["2148-5607"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2148-5607","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]}}}