{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T21:46:15Z","timestamp":1788903975528,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Low-level viremia is usually defined as a detectable but lower than 2000 IU\/mL hepatitis B virus DNA level after 12 months or longer duration of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients. In this study, we aimed to clarify the factors associated with lowlevel viremia in patients during long-term monotherapy with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or entecavir.\n\nMethods: Chronic hepatitis B patients having received entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment for 12 months or more were enrolled from October 2019 to October 2021 at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. In accordance with their hepatitis B virus DNA levels, chronic hepatitis B patients were grouped into 3 categories, hepatitis B virus DNA &gt; 2000 IU\/mL, low-level viremia, and complete virological response (hepatitis B virus DNA &lt; 10 IU\/mL). Compared with complete virological response patients, factors related to lowlevel viremia were evaluated.\n\nResults: This study enrolled a total of 160 chronic hepatitis B patients, whose duration of treatment ranged from 12 to 144 months. In total, 107 patients achieved complete virological response, 51 showed low-level viremia, and 2 showed hepatitis B virus DNA &gt; 2000 IU\/mL. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, hepatitis e antigen-positivity (odds ratio = 6.479, 95% CI: 2.480-16.922, P = .000), entecavir treatment (odds ratio = 4.742, 95% CI: 1.855-12.118, P = .001), and duration of therapy (odds ratio = 0.168, 95% CI: 0.072-0.388, P = .000) were independently associated with low-level viremia.\n\nConclusion: Having received long-term antiviral treatment, low-level viremia still occurred in 31.9% of patients. Longer duration of therapy was a protective factor, and HBeAg-positivity and entecavir treatment were risk factors for low-level viremia.\n\nCite this article as: Han J, Guo Y, Zhang X, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of low-level viremia in chronic hepatitis B patients after long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogs. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023; 34(1): 53-61.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2023.21978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T07:18:04Z","timestamp":1672903084000},"page":"53-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence and Associated Factors of Low-Level Viremia in  Chronic Hepatitis B Patients After Long-Term Therapy with  Nucleos(t)ide Analogs"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richeng","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"container-title":["Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/turkjgastroenterol.org\/index.php\/tjg\/article\/download\/4595\/4282","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T02:34:04Z","timestamp":1771900444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/turkjgastroenterol.org\/index.php\/tjg\/article\/view\/4595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/tjg.2023.21978","relation":{},"ISSN":["2148-5607"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2148-5607","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]}}}